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µoªí by: ra ©ó: 2005/1/3, 01:15
NO: 2

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µoªí by: Luke-Skywalker ©ó: 2005/1/6, 22:43
NO: 3

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µoªí by: Ghostwolf ©ó: 2005/1/6, 22:52
NO: 4

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µoªí by: Pikachu (Guest) (¹C«È) ©ó: 2005/1/7, 14:46
NO: 5

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µoªí by: ra ©ó: 2005/1/8, 12:31
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µoªí by: Luke-Skywalker ©ó: 2005/1/8, 16:58
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µoªí by: black (Guest) (¹C«È) ©ó: 2005/1/8, 22:08
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µoªí by: §s§s¹« ©ó: 2005/1/8, 22:54
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µoªí by: black (Guest) (¹C«È) ©ó: 2005/1/9, 00:45
NO: 11

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µoªí by: §s§s¹« ©ó: 2005/1/9, 10:48
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µoªí by: ysh ©ó: 2005/1/9, 23:30
NO: 13

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µoªí by: flak ©ó: 2005/1/10, 09:07
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µoªí by: Toga ©ó: 2005/1/10, 10:38
NO: 15

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µoªí by: ¿N¤ô¤u ©ó: 2005/1/11, 03:17
NO: 16

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µoªí by: ryan2181 ©ó: 2005/1/16, 11:29
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µoªí by: Toga ©ó: 2005/1/16, 14:16
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2. «nÁú¦Û»sÄ¥­pµe®i¶}®É¡A¼Ú¬ü«Xªk­x¤õ¤j¼tÄv¬Û¥H¨ä³Ì¥ý¶iªº¬ì§Þ»P³ÌÀu«pªº§ÞÂà±ø¥ó§Æ±æ¯à±o¨ä«C·ý¡A¦Ó¥xÆW³o´X¦~¨Óªº­xÁʻݨD³Q¼Þªk«Xµ¥°ê¬F©²Áפ§°ß®£¤£¤Î¡A¥u¯à¥ô¦Ñ¬ü¥D®_¡A¦Ó¨ó§U¥É¦¨¥L°ê§¹¦¨°ªºë±K°ê¨¾¤u·~¦Û¥D¦Ó¤£¨D·¥·¥°ª©ù¦^³ø»P¤£¯d«Ü¦h¤â¡A¦V¨Ó¤£¬O¦Ñ¬üªº¬ü¼w¡D

3. ¦b¸Ó¥¿¸g½Ð±Ð°Q½×¹ê»Ú­xªZªºÄæ¦ì¤W¡A±i¶KµêÀÀ¦Û²n¶W¯Å¬[ªÅ¾ÔÄ¥¹Ï¡A³o¬O·dÔ£¦W°ó¡H¡H¬O·Q©M¨º¨Ç"¶}µo"¥X¯à¤õ¿N¥Õ®cªº¢å¢Ó¢Ð¢ÏµP¤ÓªÅ¹q¿Oªw¡A±N²r¸V¥´±oº¡§ä¤úªºµL¼Ä·sÄè68¡A®È¬v¯Å¦t©z¾ÔÄ¥¡A·f°t152 mm¥D¬¶"¤¤µØ¤j¥[¹A"©Z§Jªº¤¤°ê¾ú¥N¼««C¥ý½å­Ì¬Ý»ô¶Ü¡H

µoªí by: Guest (Guest) (¹C«È) ©ó: 2005/1/16, 17:01
NO: 23

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µoªí by: ªü­D (Guest) (¹C«È) ©ó: 2005/1/21, 23:11
NO: 24

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µoªí by: Luke-Skywalker ©ó: 2005/1/21, 23:21
NO: 25

¼Ó¤WªºªB¤Í¡A³Â·Ð¬Ý¤@¤U·s»D°Å³ø
http://www.appledaily.com.tw/News/index.cfm?Fuseaction=Article&showdate=20050117&Sec_ID=5&NewsType=twapple&loc=TP&PageType=new&Art_ID=1519036

¥t¥~¼çÄ¥ªº°Q½×¡G
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µoªí by: Ghostwolf ©ó: 2005/1/22, 00:20
NO: 26

µL·N¶¡§ä¨ìªº http://www.war-sky.com/forum/htm_data/73/0412/98438.html
¥úµØ¤­¸¹¨µ¨¾Ä¥
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http://tw.club.yahoo.com/clubs/csisf/

µoªí by: ªü­D (Guest) (¹C«È) ©ó: 2005/1/22, 09:35
NO: 27

¨º¨Ç°Q½×ª©§Ú¤§«e¦³¬Ý¹L¦ý¬O²{¦b³£§ä¤£¨ì½Ð°Ý²{¦b©ñ¦b­þ¸Ìªü

µoªí by: Luke-Skywalker ©ó: 2005/1/22, 18:08
NO: 28

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µoªí by: ¨§¨§Às ©ó: 2005/1/24, 12:43
NO: 29

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µoªí by: ºµ¤âÁ×¹p°w ©ó: 2005/1/24, 13:19
NO: 30

¬ö¼w¯Å«D¯²­É¡A¬O¶RÂ_¡C

µoªí by: black (Guest) (¹C«È) ©ó: 2005/1/25, 14:03
NO: 31

½Ð°Ý¦U¦ì §ø«B/°ªªi¯Å¤WªºOPS-24¬O¬Û±±¹p¹F¶Ü   ¦P®É±µ¾Ô¯à¤O¦p¦ó

µoªí by: ºÖº¸¼¯¨F (Guest) (¹C«È) ©ó: 2005/1/28, 19:56
NO: 32

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µoªí by: ¨§¨§Às ©ó: 2005/1/28, 23:41
NO: 33

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µoªí by: Luke-Skywalker ©ó: 2005/1/29, 00:44
NO: 34

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µoªí by: ³·­· ©ó: 2005/1/29, 00:59
NO: 35


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µoªí by: boss1966 ©ó: 2005/1/29, 01:36
NO: 36

°ò¶©Ä¥À³¸Ó¬OCG-118
¥x¤¤Ä¥¬OCG-117

¼ê´òÄ¥CG-119
ªá½¬Ä¥CG-120

µoªí by: Luke-Skywalker ©ó: 2005/1/29, 01:47
NO: 37

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¨äÄ¥¸¹¬OCG-118»¡

µoªí by: Cedric ©ó: 2005/1/30, 01:31
NO: 38

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³°Ä¥¨Ï¥Î)¡M ¦³¤Hª¾¹D¬ö¼wµ¥Ä¥³Q©î¤F¦h¤Ö¨t²Î¶Ü¡S  ­ì¥»¬ö¼wªº¾Ô°«
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µoªí by: ¨§¨§Às ©ó: 2005/1/30, 10:14
NO: 39

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µoªí by: §s§s¹« ©ó: 2005/1/30, 11:36
NO: 40

¤£­n¾x¤F¡C§â¬ö¼wÄ¥¤W­±ªº¹p¹F´«¦¨Â³f¡H·íªìñ¬ùªº®É­Ô´N¤w¸g¥Õ¯È¶Â¦r¼g¦b¤W­±ªºªF¦è¡A¬ü°ê¤~¤£·|°µ¥X¹H¬ù¤S·l®`¦Û¤v«H¥Îªº¨Æ±¡¡C«Ê¦s®É©î±¼¡A²{¦b¦³¶R®aÃø¹D¤£¯à¦A¸Ë¦^¥h¶Ü¡H¸g¹LNTU¤É¯Åªº¾Ô°«¨t²Î¤w¸g­«Äé§¹¦¨¡A·íªì½Í©wªº¬ONTUÃø¹D·|®³¯«¬Þ¨t²Îµ¹§AÄé¤U¥h¤£¦¨¡H¹wºâ¬å±¼ªº¬O¨ä¥L¥i¥H¦C¤J¤À¦~¹wºâºCºC¶Rªº³¡¤À¡A­þ¨Óªº°½¤u´î®Æ¡H

¦Ü©ó³ø¯ÈªºÀÉ®×·Ó¤ù¡A¬O¤£¬O§Y®Éªº·Ó¤ù¥»¨Ó´N­n¥´­Ó¤j°Ý¸¹¡A±i«a§õÀ¹ªº±¡§Î¦h±o«Ü¡A´Nºâ¬O­x¨Æ°OªÌ¤]¤@¼Ë·|¥Ç³oºØ¿ù»~¡C

³Ìªñºô¸ô¤W¤£ª¾©Ò¿×ªº¥Õ¥ØÁÙ¯u¦h¡C

µoªí by: boss1966 ©ó: 2005/1/30, 12:53
NO: 41

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ÅU±R·G¡G§Ú­n¯«¬Þ ¬üµ¹¬ö¼w
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ÅU±R·G¡G§Ú­n¯«¬Þ ¬üµ¹¬ö¼w PART-2
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http://taiwantp.net/cgi/roadbbs.pl?board_id=1&type=show_post&post=1024

µoªí by: ¨§¨§Às ©ó: 2005/1/30, 18:39
NO: 42

©I~¨ºÁÙ¦n·PÁ¦U¦ì¤j¤jªºÁ¿¸Ñ¤£µM§Ú¸Ë·Ó¤ù»~¾É :X

µoªí by: Luke-Skywalker ©ó: 2005/2/2, 10:31
NO: 43

¸g¸ß°Ý®ü¨µ¸p«á¡A±oª¾¥¿½Tª©ªºÄ¥¸¹¦p¤U¡G
¥x¤¤¸¹(CG-117)¡B°ò¶©¸¹(CG-118 )¡Bªá½¬¸¹(CG-119)¡B¼ê´ò¸¹(CG-120)

µoªí by: Simon-Jennifer ©ó: 2005/2/4, 05:30
NO: 44

http://www.navsource.org/archives/05/971.htm
DD-971 USS DAVID R. RAY
Fate: Inactive, out of commission, to be disposed of (Maintenance Category C) at NISMF Bremerton, Wa.

What is it means Maintenance Category C?

µoªí by: RCI ©ó: 2005/2/4, 23:33
NO: 45

http://www.nvr.navy.mil/maint_C.htm
or
http://216.239.63.104/search?q=cache:tR-cbzzCucAJ:www.nvr.navy.mil/maint_C.htm+Maintenance+Category+C&hl=zh-TW&lr=&strip=1

Maintenance Category C
Maintenance on Category C ships/service craft in general takes priority over all other categories except Reserve Category B. Category C ships/service craft will be retained essentially "as is" and will be preserved to minimize deterioation. Retention service craft and ships being held for Foreign Military Lease (FML) will be assigned to Category C. Ships/service craft selected for this category are those which receive a lesser mobilization priority than Category B.

µoªí by: Light ©ó: 2005/2/5, 00:32
NO: 46

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> Ãþ´N¦³«Ü¤jÅܤơA­·¦|®É¥N©Ò¿×ªº¾Ô¦CÄ¥¡A¦b§Ú²z¸Ñ¤j·§´N¬O­^°ê®ü­x¤»µ¥¤ÀÃþªk
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> ªº¾Ô°«¤¤¤ß¡A¨Ì¾a±j¤jªº¤õ¤OºR·´¼Ä¤è¥D¤O¾ÔÄ¥©M°í©T©¤¨¾³]¬I¡F²Ä¤­µ¥©M³¡¤À²Ä
> ¥|µ¥¾ÔÄ¥¡A¬Û·í©ó«á¨Óªº¨µ¬vÄ¥¡A¤]³QºÙ§@§Ö¦|²î¡A¸Ë¬¶56ªù¨ì 12ªù¡A¤@¯ë¬OÂù®é
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²Ä5¯Å¤@¯ëºÙ¬°¨µ¨¾Ä¥¡]frigate¡^¡A³æ¼h¤T®é28¦Ü44ªù¯¥¡A¬O¨µÅÞ¡BÅ@¯è¡B·j¯Á¡B°»¹îªº¥D¤O¡A²Ä6¯Å³æ¼h¤T®é12¦Ü24ªù¯¥¡A¤]¾á¥ô¨µÅÞ¡BÅ@¯è¡B·j¯Á¡B°»¹î¡BÁpµ¸¡C

³o¨Ç³£¬O¡uÄ¥¡v¡]ship rigging¡^¡A³£¬O¤T®é²î¡A¨â®é¥H¤Uºâ¸É§UÄ¥¸¥¡C

µoªí by: ¨§¨§Às ©ó: 2005/2/6, 23:12
NO: 47

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µoªí by: Toga ©ó: 2005/2/7, 00:21
NO: 48

³o­ÓÁxROCN¦b´X¦~«e´N¤w¸g"§Ý"¹L¤F¡ã¤G¥N¤G¯ÅÄ¥¡þ¥ú¤­­pµe¡]½Ä°Ú¡I¡I¡I«i´±ªº«Ò¼@µØÀ»¹Î¡ã¡ã¡ã¡ã¡ã¡I¡I¡I¡^

¦Ó´N¥Ø«e¬Ý¨Ó¡A¨ä¶¶¦ìªº½T¤]¬O±Æ¦bSSK»P¯«¬Þ®×¤§«á¡Aµ¥¨ì·d©w³o¨â¤j®×¡A¦³¾l¿ú¾l¤O°õ¦æ¸Ó­pµe®É¡A»¡¤£©w·~¤w±Nªñ2020¦~¡D

°£«DSSK»P¯«¬Þ®×¥ý«á¶¼«ë¡A©Î¬O¥»°ê¦~«×°ê¨¾¹wºâ®Äªk«nÁú¡A¤j¬°´£¤É....................

µoªí by: ryan2181 ©ó: 2005/2/8, 11:53
NO: 49

Q:USS DDG-100 KIDD (NEW)

¨º¦³·s"­^®æÄõ"¤F¶Ü......

µoªí by: ¦º¦Ñ¦Ê©m¥Ö¥d¥C ©ó: 2005/2/11, 12:51
NO: 50

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µoªí by: ºµ¤âÁ×¹p°w ©ó: 2005/2/11, 13:03
NO: 51


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²Ä¤G­Ó°ÝÃD¡G¬ü°ê®ü­x©x¤è¯¸¦ì§}´«¨ì­þ¸Ì¤F¡H

¤£¬O<http://www.navy.mil>¶Ü¡H

µoªí by: ¿ß¿ß ©ó: 2005/2/11, 13:08
NO: 52

¬ü°ê®ü­x©x¤èºô¯¸: http://www.navy.mil

England....ÁÙ¨S¦³><

µoªí by: Jimbo ©ó: 2005/2/12, 05:05
NO: 53

­^°ê®ü­x©x¤èºô¯¸: http://www.royal-navy.mod.uk/

¿D¤j§Q¨È®ü­x©x¤èºô¯¸: http://www.navy.gov.au/

¤é¥»®ü¤W¦Û½Ã¶¤©x¤èºô¯¸: http://www.jda.go.jp/JMSDF/

µoªí by: ¦º¦Ñ¦Ê©m¥Ö¥d¥C ©ó: 2005/2/12, 13:30
NO: 54

´_¬¡¤F¡H¥ý«e®ø¥¢¤F±Nªñ¤@¦~¡C¸Ì­±¸ê®Æ¶WÂ×´I¡A¥¦®ø¥¢®É¹Ã¤F¦n¤@°}¤l¡C

¤é¥»®ü¦Ûªº¯¸¤]¸ò¥H«e¤£¤@¼Ë¡A«D±`ºë¬ü¡A¦ý¸ê®ÆÁÙ¬O¤@¼Ëªº¤ÖXD

µoªí by: ¨§¨§Às ©ó: 2005/2/13, 17:00
NO: 55

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µoªí by: ¿ß¿ß ©ó: 2005/2/13, 19:43
NO: 56

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µoªí by: ¦º¦Ñ¦Ê©m¥Ö¥d¥C ©ó: 2005/2/13, 19:49
NO: 57

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µoªí by: ¨§¨§Às ©ó: 2005/2/13, 20:02
NO: 58

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µoªí by: RCI ©ó: 2005/2/14, 01:38
NO: 59

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¯«¬ÞDDG©T¦³¨ä¨¾ªÅ¥ô°È»Ý¨D¡AµM¬°¤F©ÈRCS¦Ó....¡H....¦Ò¼{¤Ó¦h¤F§a¡I¡H...ªp®ü­x­Y­n¶R¯«¬ÞDDGªº¸ÜÀ³¸Ó¤£·|¥u­n¨D¦³AAWªºROC(Required Operational Capibilities)¤~¹ï§a...¡H

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µoªí by: Jimbo ©ó: 2005/2/14, 02:25
NO: 60

¶¯¤TÀ³¸Ó¸òĬÁpªº¤éª¥(Sunburn SS-N-22 Moskit)®t¤£¦h, ¤éª¥¤ñ³½¤e(Harpoon)(¶¯¤G)¤j«Ü¦h¡C¶¯¤TÀ³¸Ó¤ñ¶¯¤GÅé¾÷¤j, °t¶¯¤Gªº­xÄ¥À³¸Ó¤£¥i¥H°t¶¯¤T¡C°£«D§Ú°ê®ü­x¥ÎĬÁpªº¤èªk, ¥Î¸Ë¥Ò¿ûªOµo®g½c (armored box launcher) ²¾±µ¦b­xÄ¥ªº®ÇÃä¬ÛĬÁpªº Sovremenny ©Î¬O¬ü°ê°h¥ðªº¾Ô©ò(Tomahawk) ¸Ë¥Ò¿ûªOµo®g½c¡C

Please feel free to correct my mistakes in Chinese, I'm still in the process of learning Chinese.

Anyway, a lot of older U.S. ships used armored box launchers to launch Tomahawk missiles, especially on the cruisers and battleships. Many ships had the box launchers placed on the helicopter pad, sacraficing helicopter support facility for the benefit gained in launching Tomahawk missile.

Where as Soviet ships always have large numbers of armored box launchers graft on the side of their ships.

µoªí by: ALPHONSE. R ©ó: 2005/2/14, 09:27
NO: 61

[DOC] °ê­x±Ð¾ÔÁ`«h

²L½Í®gÀW¤zÂZ¼u¼ÒÀÀ

¤¨ªÌ¤O
ºK¡@­n
¥»¤åªº¥Øªº¥D­n¬O±´°Q¤@­Ó³q¥Î«¬®gÀW(RF)¤zÂZ¼u¼ÒÀÀ¤ÀªR¨t²Î¡A¨ä¤¤­¸¼u©Ê¯à¡B¤zÂZ¼uªº¯S©Ê¡BÀô¹Ò¦]¯À¤ÎÄ¥²î¾Ô³N¹B°Ê½Ñ¤¸µ¥³£¥i¥H¥Ñ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¦Û¦æ³]©w¡A¨t²Î¦bºî¦X¦U¶µ°Ñ¼Æ¤§«á¡A¼ÒÀÀ­¸¼u¡B¤zÂZ¼u¡BÄ¥¸¥µ¥¦Uª«¥óªº¹ê»Ú¹B°Ê¡A¨Ã¥H¨ä¦P¤@®É¬q¤ºªº¬Û¹ï¹B°Êª¬ªp¤ÀªR¸Ó¦¸ªº´ÀÂê¾Ô³N¬O§_¥i¥H¦¨¥\¤ÞÂ÷¨Óŧªº­¸¼u¡A¦P®É¸Ñºâ¨ä¥i¯à³y¦¨­¸¼u°¾®tÄ¥¸¥ªº¤è¦ì¤Î¶ZÂ÷¡C

http://www.cna.edu.tw/~sas/ccna/article/dee01.doc

¬B¡B°Ñ¦Ò¤åÄm
[1]     David L. Adamy, ¡§Introduction to Electronic Warfare ¡V Modeling and Simulation,¡¨ Artech House, 2003.
[2]     David L. Adamy, ¡§A First Course in Electronic Warfare,¡¨ Artech House, 2001.
[3]     Schleher D. Curtis, ¡§Electronic Warfare in the Information Age,¡¨ Artech House, 1999.
[4]     David B. Hoisington, ¡§Electronic Warfare,¡¨ Lynx Publishing, 1995.
[5]     Schleher D. Curtis 1986, Introduction to Electronic Warfare, Artech House
[6]     Merrill I. Skolnik, ¡§Introduction to Radar Systems,¡¨ 3rd ed., McGraw Hill, 2001.
[7]     ªñ­¢ªZ¾¹¨t²Î MK 15 MOD 11~14 ¡]¤è°}¨t²Î¡^²Ä¤T¥U¡A®ü­x§L¾¹¾Ç®Õ¡A79¦~12

µoªí by: ¨§¨§Às ©ó: 2005/2/14, 12:57
NO: 62

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µoªí by: steelshark ©ó: 2005/2/14, 16:48
NO: 63


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µoªí by: JackLee   µoªí¤é´Á: 2005/2/14, 12:57

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µoªí by: ALPHONSE. R ©ó: 2005/2/16, 16:02
NO: 64

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µoªí by: ¨§¨§Às ©ó: 2005/2/16, 21:36
NO: 65

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µoªí by: ¿ß¿ß ©ó: 2005/2/16, 21:40
NO: 66

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µoªí by: ºÖº¸¼¯¨F (¹C«È) ©ó: 2005/2/17, 00:26
NO: 67

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µoªí by: RCI ©ó: 2005/2/17, 01:09
NO: 68


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¹L¥h³£¦³Åé¿n¡B­«¶q§ó¤jªºADAR-2N¤WPFG-2(¥¼¥I½Ñ¹ê²{¦ý¤w§¹¦¨Åܧó³]­p)ªº¨Ò¤l¡Aªp(¦p±z©ÒÁ|ªº¨Ò¤l)¥ú¤@¡B¥ú¤Gªºª½ª@¾÷®w¦Ü¤µ³£ÁÙ¨S¥þ¥Î¨ì­ù¡I¤£¥u¦³ª½ª@¾÷®w¡A­ì¨Ó¶¯¤G®g½cªº¦ì¸m³£¥i¥H¦C¤J¦Ò¶q(«eÃD¬O­n¥ý¸g¹LÅܧó³]­pµû¦ô)¡C¯Â­n§ä¬[³]­¸¼uªºªÅ¶¡¦ì¸mªº¸Ü¡A¤£Ãøªº¡AÅé¿nÀ³¸Ó¤£¬O³y¦¨¶¯¤T(¦pªG¯u¦³³o­¸¼u¯àªA§Ðªº¸Ü)¬O§_¯à¤WÄ¥¦¹¤@°ÝÃDªº­º­n¦Ò¶q¦]¤l§a¡H¶¯¤T¤WÄ¥Ãø³BÀ³¤£¦bÅé¿n¡I

±z¦b¬ü­xÄ¥ªA§Ð¹L¡AÀ³¸Ó¦³ºÞ¹D¥i¥H¨ú±oNAVSEA¥Xªº(unclassified)NAVAL SURFACE SHIP DESIGN ¡A¤p§Ì¤âÃ䪺ª©¥»¤ñ¸û¦­¡A¦~¥÷¬°1984(¨º®ÉĬÁp©|¥¼¸ÑÅé)¡A¥B¥u¦³¨ä¤¤ªºDIVISION 3 DESIGN DEVELOPMENTªºCHAPTER VI COMBAT SYSTEM (Published as CHAPTER 7 VOLUME I, NAVSEA T-9070-AA-MAN-020/C, NAVAL SURFACE SHIP DESIGN PRACTICES)¡C ±z¨ºÃä¥i¥H´Nªñ±o«K®³¨ì§ó·s¡B§ó§¹¾ãªº¥þ®M.....¤W­±À³·|´£¥Ü³o­ÓijÃD¸Ó­n¦Ò¶q­þ¨Ç¦]¯À...

µoªí by: RCI ©ó: 2005/2/17, 01:19
NO: 69


¤Þ¥Î¤å³¹
°â¥X¯«¬ÞÄ¥¤­¯ª¥i¯à©Ê°ª¶Ü?©Î§Þ³NÂಾ?


¯«¬ÞÄ¥¤­¯ª°ÝÃD¦bª©¦ü¥G¤w¸g¦³¹L°Q½×¡A®ÆÁÙº¡¦hªº¡A«ØÄ³±z¨ìª©§äµª®×¡I

§Þ³NÂಾ¤è­±¦­¦b¢°¢¯¦~«e«K¦³­Ó¥b³~¤Ô§éªºACS¡A¥i¦æªº¡I...°ÝÃD¬O§Aªº$°÷¤£°÷....

µoªí by: RCI ©ó: 2005/2/19, 01:32
NO: 70


¤Þ¥Î¤å³¹
§ÚÅ¥»¡§Ú­Ìªº¿Õ§J´µ¯Å¤£¬O­n¸Ë¤W®ü¼C¤G¶Ü?¬°¦ó¦b§Ú­Ìªº½Ò¥»¤W·|§ä¤£¨ì¥¦ªºÂܼv©O?


1.KNOX¤W¥Ø«e¨SÅ¥»¡¦³¸Ë®ü¼C¤Gªº­pµe¡A­pµe¸Ë®ü¼C¤GªºÀ³¸Ó¬O±d©w¯Å


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Know Class¸Ë¤W®ü¼C2¡A§O¶O¢C¤F...


¦pªG¦bKNOX¤W¸Ë®ü¼C¤Gªº¸Ü¡A¦]¬°¬O»P¦Ñ¬üªº¸Ë³Æ¾ã¦X¡A¨ä¶O¥Î¬Û«H·|¤ñ»Pªk°ê³f±d©w¯Å§C¡A¥B¾Þ±±¥x¬Æ¦Ü¥i´«¸Ë¦¨¦Ü¤Ö©M±d©w¯Å¦Pµ¥¯Åªº±m¦âÅã¥Ü¾¹(³o¬O°ê¤ºªº±j¶µ)¡I¤ñ¸û³Â·ÐªºÀ³¸Ó¬O®g±±¹p¹F»Pdata link³¡¥÷¡AÁ`¤£¦n(¥é·ÓªZ¤T¨t²Î¤Ww-160ªÅ¥Î¹p¹Fªº¤è¦¡)®³IDF¤WªºGD-53§ï¦¨®ü¥Î§a¡H :P

µoªí by: ºÖº¸¼¯¨F (¹C«È) ©ó: 2005/2/19, 16:49
NO: 71

½Ð°Ý­xÄ¥¤@¸`¬O¦h¤Ö®ü¯@»P¦h¤Ö¤½¨½?¬O¦p¦ó´«ºâ? ;)

µoªí by: ¦º¦Ñ¦Ê©m¥Ö¥d¥C ©ó: 2005/2/19, 23:59
NO: 72

½Ð°Ý¤é¥»®ü¦Û°V½m¤ä´©Ä¥(ATS)¬O¤°»òªF¦è¡A¨ì©³ºâ°V½mÄ¥ÁÙ¬O¤ä´©Ä¥¡H

//////

>>³t«×©MÄ¥¤W±À¶i¨t²Îªº¥X¤O¦³Ãö

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µoªí by: Toga ©ó: 2005/2/20, 00:37
NO: 73

½Ð°Ý­xÄ¥¤@¸`¬O¦h¤Ö®ü¯@»P¦h¤Ö¤½¨½?¬O¦p¦ó´«ºâ?

¤@¸`¡]Knot) = ¤@®ü¯@¡þ¤p®É = 1.8512¤½¨½¡þ¤p®É

µoªí by: ²M¼ä¤u ©ó: 2005/2/21, 03:58
NO: 74

Transferred:

...............................................................................................................

³Ó¦r¸¹¯¥¸¥  (¤w 230 ¤H¦¸¾\Äý)  

canon_colin ©ó: 2005/2/19, 22:24        

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µoªí: 2

¦³¨S¦³¤Hª¾¹D1930¦~¥NªºÂ®ü­x¸ê®Æ£«
¦³¤@­Óºô¯¸¦³¤¶²Ð¹L §Ú¤]°Ý¹Lºô¥D
§Ú¥ý¯ª¤÷´¿¾á¥ô¹L¸¥ªø ¦ý¬O«Ü¥i±¤¬d¤£¨ì¥ô¦ó¸ê®Æ
ÁÂÁÂ

µoªí by: type90 (¹C«È) ©ó: 2005/2/21, 11:58
NO: 75

¤é¥»®ü¦ÛªºATS¬O¤£¬O¦a¤èÁ`ºÊªºªì³·¯ÅÅX³vÄ¥ ?
ÁÙ¦³ATS¬O¤°»ò¦rªºÁY¼g?

µoªí by: SK2 ©ó: 2005/2/21, 12:13
NO: 76

>½Ð°Ý¤é¥»®ü¦Û°V½m¤ä´©Ä¥(ATS)¬O¤°»òªF¦è¡A¨ì©³ºâ°V½mÄ¥ÁÙ¬O¤ä´©Ä¥¡H

should be ¤ä´©Ä¥

µoªí by: boss1966 ©ó: 2005/2/21, 17:33
NO: 77

¤é¥»®ü¦Û°V½m¤ä´©Ä¥(ATS)«Dªì³·¯Å
ATS "KUROBE" Class


ATS "TENRYU" Class


§ï¬°°V½mÄ¥ªºªì³·¯Å 3513 TV "SHIMAYUKI" Class


¦h¥Î³~¤ä´©Ä¥AMS "HIUCHI" Class


¸ê®Æ¹Ï¤ù¥X¦Û¤é¥»®ü¤W¦Û½Ã¶¤


µoªí by: para dance ©ó: 2005/2/21, 19:45
NO: 78

§Ú°ê¶Rªº¬ö¼wÄ¥°t³Æªº¬OSM2MR?
ÁÙ¬OSM2ER«¬?
ÁÙ¦³id©³¤U«ç¼Ë¤~¯à¦³¥Ö¥d¥C¹Ï¤ù?= =

µoªí by: Toga ©ó: 2005/2/21, 21:46
NO: 79

§Ú°ê¶Rªº¬ö¼wÄ¥°t³Æªº¬OSM2MR?¡@ÁÙ¬OSM2ER«¬?

¢Ï¡GSM-2MR BLOCK IIIA

µoªí by: StrikeEagle ©ó: 2005/2/21, 22:27
NO: 80

»¡¨ì¼Ð·Ç­¸¼u
¥t¤@­Ó°ÝÃD¬O: °ê­x¥Ø«e¨Ï¥ÎªºSM-1¬OBlock¦h¤Ö?

(¥Ø«e¤wª¾³Ì·sªºupdate¬OBlock-VI B...
°£¤F³W®æ¬Û·í©óSM-2(Block-I or II)ªº´M¼Ð¾¹»P¼uÀY¥~ÁÙ¯S§O°w¹ï¤Þ«H¥[¥H§ï¨}¥H¹ï¥I§CRCS¥Ø¼Ð
http://www.designation-systems.net/dusrm/m-66.html )

µoªí by: Toga ©ó: 2005/2/21, 23:20
NO: 81

http://www.fas.org/asmp/profiles/taiwan_armstable.htm

02/01/1997: 114 SM-1 BLOCK VIB STANDARD missiles in lieu of 114 SM-1 BLOCK VIA STANDARD missiles sold 4 August 1992

04/01/1997: Upgrade of previously sold 114 SM-1 Block VIA"Standard" missiles to 114 SM-1 Block VIB

03/05/1998: 100 Hughes SM-1 "Standard" medium-range missiles

µoªí by: ¦º¦Ñ¦Ê©m¥Ö¥d¥C ©ó: 2005/2/22, 20:57
NO: 82

>>should be ¤ä´©Ä¥

¥i¬O¨º´X¿´ATS¬Ý°_¨Ó¤@ÂI³£¤£¹³¤ä´©Ä¥(¸Éµ¹)°Ú?¦p¶Â³¡¸¹(ATS KUROBE)ÁÙ¦³ºÃ¦ü¬Û¦ì°}¦C¹p¹FªºªF¦è.

¤ñ¸û¹³¨µ¨¾Ä¥

>ÁÙ¦³id©³¤U«ç¼Ë¤~¯à¦³¥Ö¥d¥C¹Ï¤ù?= =

¥h­Ó¤H¸ê®Æ¤W¶Ç¹Ï¤ù

µoªí by: ryan2181 ©ó: 2005/2/22, 21:49
NO: 83

>>¦p¶Â³¡¸¹(ATS KUROBE)ÁÙ¦³ºÃ¦ü¬Û¦ì°}¦C¹p¹FªºªF¦è.

¨S°O¿ù¦o¬O®ü¦Ûªº¸Ë³Æ¹êÅçÄ¥.......
¨º¦n¹³¬OFCS-3

µoªí by: SK2 ©ó: 2005/2/22, 22:46
NO: 84

...
the ¬Û¦ì°}¦C¹p¹F test ship should be 6102

the ¬Û¦ì°}¦C array on 4202 and 4203 is for controlling remote control targets(RPVs), such as BQM-34
the hangar is for those targets, not choppers

the photo for 4203 shown that there is one RPV(not UAV!) on deck

µoªí by: ¦º¦Ñ¦Ê©m¥Ö¥d¥C ©ó: 2005/2/23, 09:45
NO: 85

>>the ¬Û¦ì°}¦C array on 4202 and 4203 is for controlling remote control targets(RPVs

­ì¨Ó...

/////

CVF³Ìªì¥´ºâ±Ä¥ÎWR-21 IRC´õ½ü(25MW*4),²{¦b´«¦¨TM-30*2+¥|¨ã®ãªo¾÷(110MW),¬O¶û­ì¥»¥\²v¤£°÷ÁÙ¬OWR-21¤Ó¥ý¶i©ù¶Q?

µoªí by: ºÖº¸¼¯¨F (¹C«È) ©ó: 2005/2/23, 16:52
NO: 86

½Ð°Ý¬ö¼wÄ¥¯è³t33¸`,Äò¯è¤O¯è³t30¸`®É3300¯@,20¸`®É6000¯@,17¸`®É8000¯@

¤£¬O¸`¼Æ¶V°ª¯è³t¶V»·¶Ü? «ç»ò¬O¸`¼Æ¶V§C¯è³t¶V»·? ¨º¤@¸`¬O¦h¤Ö¯@? ;D

µoªí by: Teaclee ©ó: 2005/2/23, 17:04
NO: 87

>>¤£¬O¸`¼Æ¶V°ª¯è³t¶V»·¶Ü? «ç»ò¬O¸`¼Æ¶V§C¯è³t¶V»·?

¸ò¶}¨®¤@¼Ë¡A¶]¶V§Ö¶V¯Óªo¡A©Ò¥H¯èµ{¶Vµu¡C

µoªí by: ¿ß¿ß ©ó: 2005/2/23, 20:25
NO: 88

1¸`¡×1®ü¨½¡×1.851¤½¨½

µoªí by: boss1966 ©ó: 2005/2/24, 03:47
NO: 89

1®ü¨½=6080§`=1853.18254¦Ì=1.85318¤½¨½
(¨ú¦Ü¤p¼ÆÂI«á¤­¦ì)

µoªí by: Luke-Skywalker ©ó: 2005/2/24, 16:01
NO: 90

½Ð±Ð¹ï®ü­xÄ¥¸¥»{ÃѤñ¸û²`¤Jªººô¤Í¡AÃö©ó¤@­ÓÄ¥¸¹ªº°ÝÃD¡C¦b²Ä¤@¦¸¥@¬É¤j¾Ô®É¡A¥@¬É¦U®ü­x¤j°êªº§@¾ÔÄ¥¸¥¡A¦bÄ¥çF³B¦³º£¤W½s¸¹¶Ü¡H

µoªí by: ¦º¦Ñ¦Ê©m¥Ö¥d¥C ©ó: 2005/2/24, 17:10
NO: 91

>ºû¦N¥§¨È¯ÅSSNªº¶q²£«oÃxÁ{¾D¤j¬åªº¦M¾÷¡G­ì¥»¤wµM«D±`¤£¨¬ªº¤T¤Q¿´¡A¦p¤µ¥i¯à³Q¬å¨ì³Ñ¤U¤Q¿´¡A¦Ó´À¥N¤è®×«o¤K¦rÁÙ¨S¤@ºJ¡D

³o»òºG!? ¦­ª¾¹D¤£§ð¥ì¤F.

µoªí by: ¨§¨§Às ©ó: 2005/2/25, 22:46
NO: 92

(¤p§Ì¬O¥HPFG-2¦¨¥\¯Å¤W­ì¨Ó°tªº¬O¶¯¤G¡A«á¨Ó¦Ñ¬üªÖ½æ³½¤e¤F¡A¶¯¤G«K©î¤U¨Ó¡A¶¶§Q´«¦¨³½¤e³o­ÓÃþ¦üªº±¡§Î§@¹ï·Ó)
A:ªü~¶¯¤G³Q©î¤U¨Ó¤F..........¦ó®Éªº¨Æ±¡ªü........¨º¶¯¤G¥H«á¸Ó¦ó¥h¦ó±q©O?

µoªí by: ¦º¦Ñ¦Ê©m¥Ö¥d¥C ©ó: 2005/2/25, 22:47
NO: 93

http://navy-matters.beedall.com/pa2.htm

­ì¨Ó¦­¦b1999¦~¡Aªk°ê¨Ð´N¦V­^°êÀW°e¬îªi¡Aªí¥Ü§Æ±æ¨â°ê¦³§Ó¤@¦P¦X§@¬ãµo·s¤@¥N¯èÄ¥¡]»¡¬ï¤F¡A¤£¹L¬O·Q¥Î°¼­±¤â¬q§UThales¤@Áu¤§¤O¡A¨ú±oCVFªº¦X¬ù¡^¡A¨â°ê´¿¹ï¦¹¦h¦¸¶i¦æ°ê¨¾³¡ªø¯Åªº½R°Ó¡C

·í2003¦~ªìThalesÀò³Ó®É¡A³ß¥X±æ¥~ªºªk°ê«Ü§Ö¦a¹ï­^°ê¦ù¥X¼ö±¡ªºÂùÁu¡G

On 4 February 2003, at the 25th Anglo-French summit held in Le Touquet, the French Presidency issued a statement saying:

"France and the United Kingdom emphasise that air-naval capabilities are a key element in power projection. Our two countries, who already have substantial capabilities in this area, have decided to procure new aircraft carriers and to improve the availability and effectiveness of our carrier groups.

In this context France and the United Kingdom wish to develop the interoperability of their aircraft carrier groups, pursuing all areas of co-operation, in particular harmonising activity cycles and training. The objective will be to have one aircraft carrier permanently available.

¡]­ì¨Ó¦Ñªk·Qªº§ó²`§ó»·°Ú¡I¤£¥u¬O²î¤@°_³y¦Ó¤w¡^

France and the United Kingdom will also seek to develop industrial co-operation on the basis of their aircraft carrier procurement programmes. The UK decision on its national programme will open up new areas of co-operation."

¬Û¸û©ó®öº©¦Ü·¥¡B¼ö¦å¹LÀYªºªk°ê¨Ð¡A°È¹êªº¬ù¿«¤û¤@­±·t¦Û¦^¾Ðªk°ê¦b¤ô¥­½u®×¤íªºÂ±b¡A¤@­±¤´²Ô¤h¦a§C½Õ¦^À³¡G

Mr Keetch: To ask the Secretary of State for Defence what discussions his Department has had with the French Government regarding the sale to France of UK aircraft carrier designs; and if he will make a statement.

Mr Ingram (holding answer 27/01/03): We have made clear to the French Government our view that the best way forward for United Kingdom/French co-operation on a range of carrier issues is at the industry-to-industry level.¡]Å¥¨ì¨S¡H§Ú­ÌªºÃö«Y³Ì¦h¨ì¦¹¬°¤î¡A§O±o¤o¶i¤Ø¤Ó¹L¥÷¤F¡I¡^ To facilitate the transition to such industry-to-industry co-operation, three official groups have been established and their work has been carried forward since the France United Kingdom summit on 4th February 2003 and the UK CVF down-selection decision. This work includes potential future co-operation on procurement issues and information interchange. The last such meeting took place on 13th February 2003. During the course of discussions, we have provided France with some basic design information, to help them decide the best way forward for their own programme.

The carrier is also regularly mentioned in more general discussions between Ministers and other members of our two Ministries of Defence.

ªGµM¡A¡u¤ý¤l»P¤½¥D¹LµÛ©¯ºÖ§Ö¼Öªº¤é¤l¡v¥u¦³¦bµ£¸Ü¸Ì¤~·|µo¥Í¡G

A common collaborative Anglo-French carrier project is politically very attractive, and it should theoretically be cheaper for the UK at least than a purely national project because of shared design costs, reduced build costs, and economies of scale from ordering 3 sets of everything rather than 2.  However in private senior Royal Navy officers continue to express reservations about the possible impact in terms of timescales and cost overheads of having to incorporate France and French companies in to the project, and the requirements of the French Navy requirements in to the design.¡]¤@­Ó¤£Â_À˰QSTOVLºc«¬¬O§_­n«O¯dCTOLªº¾l¦a¡A¤@­ÓÂ\©ú­nCTOL¡A«ç»ò¦X±o¨Ó¡H¡^  Arguments over work share, costs and management are almost inevitable.  Unfortunately some recent Anglo-French collaborative defence projects (e.g. the Horizon CNGF) have been notably unsuccessful, with timescales slipping many years (5-10) and costs soaring (40-100% above the cost of a purely national project according to a NAO report published in 2001.  Subsequent British parliamentary "post-mortems" have concluded that the problems were largely due to French insistence on un-equitable and unworkable management and industrial structures, while simultaneously the systems specification became ever less suited to UK needs.

ªGµM¡A¤ô¥­½uªºÂ±b³Q¦Ñ­^½¥X¨Ó­Ë¥´ªk°ê¤@¯Ò¡A­^°ê¨ÐÂǦ¹ÃÒ¹ê¤F®öº©ªk°ê¦b°µ¨Æ»PºÞ²z¤W¬O¦h»òÁV¿|¡C¦¹¥~¡A·í¦~¤ô¥­½u®×ªk°ê¨Ð»Ý¨D¤£¤j«oµw©í46%ªº¤u§@¶q¡A¤]Åý­^°ê¨Ð¹ïªk°êªº°í«ù¹x©TÃø¥H§ÑÃh....

Some people find it hard to believe that a joint Anglo-French carrier project will have more favourable results for the UK.  ¡]¯uª¾¨`¨£°Ú¡I¡^

One development in October 2003 was that apparently the USA warned the UK that it would consider French involvement in CVF as being a major problem from its point of view.  If it forms the view that JSF information might get across to the French, then the flow of that information to the UK will be stopped, a very serious issue given the scale of UK's involvement with the F-35.

¦Ñ¬ü¤]¶i¨ÓÅÍ©M¤F¡A¥L­Ì©ñ¸Ü¦pªG­^°ê­nÅýªk°ê¦bCVF®×°Ñ¤@¸}¡A´N±o¨ú®ø¹ïBAEÂಾF-35BÁp¦X¾Ô³N¥´À»¾÷ªº§Þ³N¡A¥H§KÅýªk°ê¨Ð¦³¾÷·|°½¿s¬ü°ê´¼¼z°]²£ªºµ²´¹¡C2003¦~¬ü°ê¹ïªk°ê¦b§ð¥ì¨Æ°È¤W¤j°Û¤Ï½Õ¤´Ãh«ë¦b¤ß¡A¦ÛµM¤£·|Åýªk°ê¨Ð¦n¹L¡C

In late February 2004 reports also appeared that BAE Systems was prepared to relinquish its status as the Prime Contractor role for the CVF Project, the French companies Thales and DCN being the eager but rival heirs apparent.  A BAE Systems source stated: "The Government may be keen for political reasons to allow the French in on this deal, but the reality is that they (the French) will want a slice of the action.  The project will become severely delayed and the Americans have told us they are not keen to share their technology with the French."  

BAE¤]¸õ¥X¨Ó©ñ¸Ü¡Aª½«üCVF§äªk°ê¦X§@®Ú¥»¬O¤@¼Î¬Fªv±B«Ã¡C

On 26 February 2004, Mr Turner Chief Executive of BAE Systems expressed his concern about the attempts by the UK and French Governments to co-operate on building their new aircraft carriers. He said that such a move would be plagued by complications and potentially delayed delivery of the British carriers.  ¡§I would be very cautious about the idea. I¡¦m not sure what would be in it for our armed forces,¡¨ he said. ¡§But at the end of the day we do what our customer (the UK Government) wants.  ... You never have negotiations with the French where you come out winning.¡]¸g¨å¦W¥y¡I¡^ At best you come out even.  So I would approach it with great caution.¡¨.   Mr Turner said the Anglo-French carrier deal could also badly affect a technology transfer deal by the UK with the US to allow it access to sensitive American defence technology.  Industrial collaboration between the UK and France on CVF may help reduce the costs of the two Royal Navy carriers but ironically, it will almost certainly dash BAE's hopes of the technology transfer deal governing the JSF because of the enmity between the French and Americans.  BAE Systems needs this to bid for work on the JSF and in the future to independently enhance the British variant, "You could say goodnight to anything on JSF,"¡]¸ò¦Ñªk¦X§@ªº¤U³õ¡A´N¬OÀò±oF-35B§Þ³Nªº¬ü¹Ú´N¦¹Â_©À¡^ said Mr Turner.

////////

¤@¬Û±¡Ä@ªºªk°ê¨Ð¨ì2004¦~Á`ºâ²M¿ô¡Aª¾¹D¨â°ê¦A·d¤@¦¸¥¿¦¡¦X§@¤]¤£·|¦³¦n¤U³õ¡A©Ò¥H±q2004¦~ªºPA2¯ó¹Ï´N¶}©l¨«¦Û¤vªº¸ô¡A2003¦~Thalesªº¡uªk°êª©ÂùÄ¥®qCVF¡v¤£´_¨£¡A¤Ï¦Ó¶V¨Ó¶V¹³¶Ç²Î°Ê¤Oª©ªºÀ¹°ª¼Ö¡C

³ÌªìDCN´£¥Xªº¤è®×¬O¨­Âß50000ton¡B·f¸ü50¬[­¸¾÷¡B¥H¥|®yK-15¤ÏÀ³ÄlÅX°Ê¡B¯à¦b®ü¤W¥H34¸`¨götªº¶W¯Åª©À¹°ª¼Ö¡]À¹°ª¼Ö¦Ñ¥S¦b¼X¹Ó¸Ì¹ª´x¡^¡A·íµM¥Î½¥»\·Q¤]ª¾¹D³o¿´¤j©Çª«ªº³y»ù±N¶W¹Lªk°ê®ü­x³Ìªì³]©wªº20»õ¼Ú¤¸¤W­­¡C«á¨ÓDCN±N¦¹®×ÁY¤ô¦¨43000tonªºÀ¹°ª¼Ö¤p§ï´Ú¡A¨Ã¶æÁn¥u­nªá18.3»õ¼Ú¤¸¡]À¹°ª¼Öªá¤F33»õ¼Ú¤¸¡^¡A¤£¹Lªk°ê­x³Æ§½ÀH«á¡u¦n¤ß¦a¡v´£¿ôDCN§O¤Ó¸Ø±i¡A¡u¦X²zªº¡v»ù¦ìÀ³¬O19.8»õ¼Ú¤¸¡FThales¤]¤£¥Ì¥Ü®z¡AÁnºÙ20»õ¼Ú¤¸¤º¥i¥H·d©w¥L­Ìªºªk°êª©CVF¡C

PA2¨s³º¨Ï¥Î¶Ç²Î°Ê¤OÁÙ¬O®Ö¤l°Ê¤O´¿¤Þµoª§½×¡A¡u¾Ö®Ö¬£¡v´£¥X®Ö¤l°Ê¤Oªº¤@²¼¦n³B¡A¨Ãµh³¯¦pªGPA2¥Î¤F¶Ç²Î°Ê¤O¡A±NÄY­««Â¯Ùªk°ê®Ö¯à²îÄ¥²£·~¡A¨Ã¼vÅT¬°¨Ó±ô³½¯Å®Ö¯à§ðÀ»¼çÄ¥ªº«Ø³y¡F¡u¤Ï®Ö¬£¡v«h±N¥ÙÀY«ü¦V®Ö¤l°Ê¤OºûÅ@¯Ó®Éªº³n¤U¸¡¡A¦Ó»P­^°êCVF¦X§@ªº¥i¯à«h¬O¶Ç²Î°Ê¤O®×ªº³Ì¤jÀu¶Õ¡Cªk°ê¦b2004¦~2¤ë²×©ó¨M©w±Ä¥Î¶Ç²Î°Ê¤O¡]­ì¥»À³¸Ó¬O2003¦~6¤ë´N¨M©w¡^¡A·Ó²z»¡Thales¥i¥H¤j¯º¤F¡A¦ý¬OÁÙ¨S§¹¡G

On 4 June 2004, DCN and Thales Naval France announced the creation of a joint company (controlled by DCN) to lead and be prime contractor for the PA2 program.  The Thales press release stated:

"DCN and Thales have decided to combine their strengths to propose to jointly lead the future French aircraft carrier programme (PA2), and have set up an integrated Prime Contract Office that will be placed under the responsibility of a jointly owned company. The new company will have a four-member board of directors, with equal representation of Thales and DCN, and will be chaired by a DCN nominee.  The purpose of the Prime Contract Office is to lead the PA2 programme from conception to completion. It would also be able to assist the studies for potential cooperation with the United Kingdom¡¦s future aircraft carrier programme, should this be desired by both governments. The shareholding of the new joint company will be DCN 65% and Thales 35%."

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The Thales' PA2 proposal made in late 2003 used the same Electric Propulsion System with gas turbines and pods that Thales UK was proposing for CVF, however DCN has done a considerable amount of work investigating propulsion options, and for an aircraft carrier of this size equipped with steam catapults it favours a modern steam (boilers and turbine) propulsion system with conventional shafts .  As DCN is leading the ship platform design and build aspects of the PA2 project, it's ideas may well win.  ¡]Ô£¡I¡H¦³¨S·d¿ù¡I¡H¡^

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µoªí by: ryan2181 ©ó: 2005/2/25, 23:54
NO: 94

(¤p§Ì¬O¥HPFG-2¦¨¥\¯Å¤W­ì¨Ó°tªº¬O¶¯¤G¡A«á¨Ó¦Ñ¬üªÖ½æ³½¤e¤F¡A¶¯¤G«K©î¤U¨Ó¡A¶¶§Q´«¦¨³½¤e³o­ÓÃþ¦üªº±¡§Î§@¹ï·Ó)
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µoªí by: Toga ©ó: 2005/2/26, 01:54
NO: 95

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µoªí by: RCI ©ó: 2005/2/26, 02:24
NO: 96


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µoªí by: RCI ©ó: 2005/2/26, 02:46
NO: 97


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µoªí by: ¨§¨§Às ©ó: 2005/2/26, 11:09
NO: 98

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µoªí by: Luke-Skywalker ©ó: 2005/2/26, 11:35
NO: 99


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µoªí by: black (¹C«È) ©ó: 2005/2/26, 22:42
NO: 100

½Ð¤j®a¨Ó¤ñ¸û°ªªi¯Å¤Î052B½ÖÀu½Ö¦H

µoªí by: Luke-Skywalker ©ó: 2005/2/26, 22:57
NO: 101


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µoªí by: black (¹C«È) ©ó: 2005/2/26, 23:19
NO: 102

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µoªí by: Jimbo ©ó: 2005/2/27, 02:53
NO: 103


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¹L¥h³£¦³Åé¿n¡B­«¶q§ó¤jªºADAR-2N¤WPFG-2(¥¼¥I½Ñ¹ê²{¦ý¤w§¹¦¨Åܧó³]­p)ªº¨Ò¤l¡Aªp(¦p±z©ÒÁ|ªº¨Ò¤l)¥ú¤@¡B¥ú¤Gªºª½ª@¾÷®w¦Ü¤µ³£ÁÙ¨S¥þ¥Î¨ì­ù¡I¤£¥u¦³ª½ª@¾÷®w¡A­ì¨Ó¶¯¤G®g½cªº¦ì¸m³£¥i¥H¦C¤J¦Ò¶q(«eÃD¬O­n¥ý¸g¹LÅܧó³]­pµû¦ô)¡C¯Â­n§ä¬[³]­¸¼uªºªÅ¶¡¦ì¸mªº¸Ü¡A¤£Ãøªº¡AÅé¿nÀ³¸Ó¤£¬O³y¦¨¶¯¤T(¦pªG¯u¦³³o­¸¼u¯àªA§Ðªº¸Ü)¬O§_¯à¤WÄ¥¦¹¤@°ÝÃDªº­º­n¦Ò¶q¦]¤l§a¡H¶¯¤T¤WÄ¥Ãø³BÀ³¤£¦bÅé¿n¡I


Russia is the only country right now that produces super sonic anti-ship missiles, with the excellent SS-N-22 Sunburn missile and SS-N-26 Yakhont. Both of these missiles are physically larger than AGM-84 Harpoon (661.5 kg), ¶¯¤G (685 kg), with SS-N-22 Sunburn coming in at 9.745m and weights 4500 kg and SS-N-26 Yakhont coming in at 3,000 kg. If the proposed ¶¯¤T is to be super sonic and ramjet, there are certain requirements that it couldn't get away with. The initial boosters must be powerful enough to engage the ram jets (which meant the initial boosters are heavy), and it must carry enough fuel for substained super sonic flight and any useful range (which meant its heavy and physically bigger). Therefore, based on the above assumptions, the proposed ¶¯¤T is a much bigger missile.

I'm not arguing that ¶¯¤T couldn't be mounted on ships in Taiwan Navy's service, I'm arguing that there are certain limits to what can be acheived. Looking at the Taiwan Navy ships in service right now, the only way to mount it is to scab the armor box launchers on the side, like the Russians have done, by heavily modifiying the ships. Or, mounting only a limited number of missiles, like 2 ¶¯¤T instead of 8 ¶¯¤G.

The Oliver Hazaard Perry-class design is already way over designed weigth limit of 3,600 tons, plus 39 tons of planned growth. The last U.S. FFG was delivered at 4,100 tons full load, and Taiwan Navy's own ¥ú¤@ comes in at 4,200 tons full load. All these have detrimental effects on the ship's stability, especially in rough waters. The heavier weight of the ¶¯¤T missiles will certainly adds more weight to what is already a bloated design. What's going to become of the stability of the ship, when you mount heavy items high off the center of gravity, like putting ¶¯¤T where ¶¯¤G used to be?

As for your assumption of getting rid of the helicopter hangar to mount the proposed  ¶¯¤T missiles, this is a big no no. If you read any standard naval warfare text, most stressed that the attacking ship must not reveal their own existance by given off radar signatures. Therefore, the initial target detection are done via helicopter, AWAC, shore based radars. Once the target is detected and missile launched, the helicopter, AWAC, shore based radar gives the missile mid-course adjustments. In the terminal phase, the missile's own target detection system locks onto to the target and attacks it.

Only the helicopter is organic to the ship, without having the attacking ship rely on AWAC and shore radars. A onboard helicopter is must, to take advantage of long range of the missile by giving it initial target acqusition and mid course adjustment, and have the attacking ship remain unseen by the enemy. Therefore, the helicopter hangar must not be removed to make way for the ¶¯¤T missiles.



µoªí by: SK2 ©ó: 2005/2/27, 03:13
NO: 104

hey, don't forget another in-service missile that is using ramjet, the ASMP
it's size is much smaller than the Russian ones

µoªí by: RCI ©ó: 2005/2/27, 04:27
NO: 105


¤Þ¥Î¤å³¹
Russia is the only country right now that produces super sonic anti-ship missiles, with the excellent SS-N-22 Sunburn missile and SS-N-26 Yakhont. Both of these missiles are physically larger than AGM-84 Harpoon (661.5 kg), ¶¯¤G (685 kg), with SS-N-22 Sunburn coming in at 9.745m and weights 4500 kg and SS-N-26 Yakhont coming in at 3,000 kg. If the proposed ¶¯¤T is to be super sonic and ramjet, there are certain requirements that it couldn't get away with. The initial boosters must be powerful enough to engage ...



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6.·í¦~¥xÆW±ý¦bpfg-2¤W¬[¶¯¤G¤Î40MM(¥ª¥k¦U¤@)®É¡AÀ³¸Ó¤w¸g§ä¹LG&C¤F.............­ì¨Óªº¦ì¸m¬J¤w¸g­ì³]­pªÌ­I®Ñ.....±zÁÙ·|¿ï¨ä¥L¦a¤è¶Ü¡H


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µoªí by: fer-de-lance ©ó: 2005/2/27, 04:30
NO: 106

Heheheheh, I've always had my eye on the spare hangar (the PFG-2 almost always use only embark only one Thunderhawk).  Put extra missile tubes on a trolley and wheel the sucker in and out on the RAST - the tubes to face athwartships and fire away!

No impact on meta-centric height, uses existing assets .. like RAST  :)

µoªí by: Toga ©ó: 2005/2/27, 04:44
NO: 107

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µoªí by: Jimbo ©ó: 2005/2/27, 05:25
NO: 108


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I agree with you, how long has the rumors of ¶¯¤T in circulation? 5 years? 10 years? Are we got are pictures of mock ups and rumors like below:

"The upgraded Hsiung Feng III missile, which can reportedly achieve speeds up to Mach 2.3 with a range between 200 and 600 kilometers (125-373 miles), is being developed because China has recently purchased advanced Russian supersonic anti-ship missiles."

All conjectures without any real hints of proof...


µoªí by: Jimbo ©ó: 2005/2/27, 05:31
NO: 109


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Heheheheh, I've always had my eye on the spare hangar (the PFG-2 almost always use only embark only one Thunderhawk).  Put extra missile tubes on a trolley and wheel the sucker in and out on the RAST - the tubes to face athwartships and fire away!

No impact on meta-centric height, uses existing assets .. like RAST  


I thought of that too... But was pointed out to me rather bluntly that hangar bays cannot be used to store missiles, missiless are stored in special magazines. The hangar bay doesn't have the armor or firefighting equipment necessary for storage of missiles, in the event of combat this is going to be a huge liability and a fire hazard.

On a small boy, spaces are at a premium. This space can probably better served as an excercise area to improve the morale of the crew, or as storage for any other than missiles.

µoªí by: Jimbo ©ó: 2005/2/27, 05:33
NO: 110


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Russia is the only country right now that produces super sonic anti-ship missiles



¤Þ¥Î¤å³¹
hey, don't forget another in-service missile that is using ramjet, the ASMP
it's size is much smaller than the Russian ones


ASMP is not an anti-ship missile in the traditional sense as the harpoon, HF-2, sunburn, etc. Although I don't mind seeing Taiwan having a few ASMPs handy, they would go a long way in guarantee Taiwan's future. Give you guys enough time to sort through your own growing pains, mainlander problems, indegenous people problems, foreign bride problems, until your country finds a "Taiwan Consensus" and "Common Identity", without being bullied by China.

µoªí by: Ghostwolf ©ó: 2005/2/27, 05:52
NO: 111

The ASMP(Air-Sol Moyenne Portee) is a long range nuclear delivery vehicle,
kinda like the U.S. AGM-129 ACM (Advanced Cruise Missile)

µoªí by: ¨§¨§Às ©ó: 2005/2/27, 09:07
NO: 112

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µoªí by: ´ç²îÀY ©ó: 2005/2/27, 13:05
NO: 113


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µoªí by: Luke-Skywalker ©ó: 2005/2/27, 13:13
NO: 114


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µoªí by: ´ç²îÀY ©ó: 2005/2/27, 13:19
NO: 115


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As noted under the Cheng Kung report, all ships of the class will now be
retro-fitted with Harpoon II (RGM-84L) missiles in lieu of the HF-2 missiles.
Removal of HF-2 launchers from atop the superstructure would reduce weight
and moment, thus facilitating any modernization initiatives that might entail
additional topside weight and/or space. Also, the ROCN is considering the
removal of the 40mm/L70 gun turrets from the existing ships of this class,
which should also free up significant weight above the main deck level.

µoªí by: §s§s¹« ©ó: 2005/2/27, 14:06
NO: 116

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µoªí by: fer-de-lance ©ó: 2005/2/27, 15:49
NO: 117


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On a small boy, spaces are at a premium. This space can probably better served as an excercise area to improve the morale of the crew, or as storage for any other than missiles.


You're thinking about long deployments like WESTPAC from Pearl ... the ROCN is essentially a coastal navy.  The guys can do without their movie theater if it means an unprecedented level of capabilities.  

Yes, having a ram rocket in the hangar would violate USN regulations but the "available margins" are somewhat different between the ROCN and the USN ...  

µoªí by: RCI ©ó: 2005/2/27, 17:21
NO: 118


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µoªí by: RCI ©ó: 2005/2/27, 18:42
NO: 119


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µoªí by: ¨§¨§Às ©ó: 2005/2/27, 23:08
NO: 120

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µoªí by: RCI ©ó: 2005/2/27, 23:55
NO: 121

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µoªí by: ¨§¨§Às ©ó: 2005/2/28, 00:04
NO: 122

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µoªí by: RCI ©ó: 2005/2/28, 00:13
NO: 123

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µoªí by: Toga ©ó: 2005/2/28, 00:49
NO: 124

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µoªí by: RCI ©ó: 2005/2/28, 02:16
NO: 125


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µoªí by: ¨§¨§Às ©ó: 2005/2/28, 12:45
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µoªí by: Toga ©ó: 2005/3/2, 04:53
NO: 127

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µoªí by: Luke-Skywalker ©ó: 2005/3/2, 09:23
NO: 128


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µoªí by: jjluh ©ó: 2005/3/2, 09:48
NO: 129


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µoªí by: Jimbo ©ó: 2005/3/2, 13:34
NO: 130


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\

Since both SM-1 and STIR is already in Taiwan Navy's service, mounting them on the the Lafayette wouldn't be a problem. The problem lies in system integration, making the Thales Tacticos system talking to U.S. hardwares.

If you compare Taiwan's and France's Lafayette, you'll notice Taiwanese models are cluttered with radars and whatnot, especially the big Thales DRBV-26D surface search radar. With this big reflector, Taiwan's Lafayette's Radar Cross Section is already badly compromised, might as well give them something better to defend themselves with than the almost worthless Sea Chaparrals.

µoªí by: ­x¨Æ°g ©ó: 2005/3/2, 16:48
NO: 131

¶â~¬Ý¤j®a¤§«e¦b°Q½×¶¯¤T¶W­µ³t¤ÏÄ¥­¸¼u¡A¨ä¹ê§Ú°ê¤w¸g¦³¤F¤@ºØ¥tÃþªº¶W­µ³t¤ÏÄ¥­¸¼u¡K.. ¤j®a¦ü¥G³£§Ñ¤FSM-1¼Ð·Ç­¸¼uªº¥t¤@ºØ¼Ò¦¡~~¶â~¹ï!¨S¿ù!!´N¬O¹ïÄ¥¼Ò¦¡~ÁöµM¼uÀY¤p¤F¤@ÂI¡AµLªk³y¦¨¤Ó¤jªº¯}Ãa¤O¡A¤£¹L­nÅý¹ï¤è¤â¦£¸}¶Ã¬Æ¦Ü³à¥¢¾Ô°«¯à¤O¤]¥i¥H¿ì±o¨ì!!§ó¦óªp¤@¦¸µo®g­Ó¼ÆªT¡A¬ü­xÁÙ¦³¥Î©ó¹ê¾Ôªº¸gÅç(§Ñ¤F¬O¹ï¥ì®ÔÁÙ¬O¥ì©Ô§J)¡K.¥u­nµ½¥ÎªZ¾¹¡A³£¥i¥H¦¨¬°¥i©Èªº±þ¤â~

±µ¤U¨Ó..¤p§Ì­nÁ|¤âµo°Ý°Õ~½Ð°Ý¤@¤U¡A§Ú­Ì³£ª¾¹D¼Ð·Ç¤@«¬¦³¹ïÄ¥¼Ò¦¡¡A¨º«áÄòªº§ï¨}«¬¦pSM-2ER¡BMRµ¥¦U§å¸¹¦³±N¦¹¤@¼Ò¦¡§R°£©Î«O¯d¶Ü?

µoªí by: ysh ©ó: 2005/3/2, 22:56
NO: 132

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µoªí by: ­x¨Æ°g ©ó: 2005/3/3, 02:05
NO: 133

¶â~§Ú§Ñ°O¬O¨º­Ó°ê®a°Õ~¤£¹L±¡¸`¸òysh»Õ¤U´y­zªº¤@¼Ë~
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µoªí by: ­x¨Æ°g ©ó: 2005/3/3, 02:47
NO: 134

¸É¥R¤@ÂI¤£¹L³½¤e¦n¹³¬O¥ÑA-6µo®gªº~SH-60¦n¹³¤£¯àµo®g³½¤e~

µoªí by: Jimbo ©ó: 2005/3/3, 04:03
NO: 135


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All variants of SM-2s have a secondary function against surface targets. However, it is much more effective to shoot surface targets with Harpoon, and aerial targets with Standard. The blast-fragment warhead of the Standard missiles are not as effective as the Penetration/high-explosive blast warhead of the Harpoon when used against surface targets, on top of Standard's warhead are smaller than Harpoon's warhead.
http://www.chinfo.navy.mil/navpalib/factfile/missiles/wep-stnd.html


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SH-60 cannot shoot Harpoons, only Penguins (¥øÃZ).
http://www.chinfo.navy.mil/navpalib/factfile/missiles/wep-pen.html

µoªí by: ­x¨Æ°g ©ó: 2005/3/3, 16:09
NO: 136

ÁÂÁÂJimbo¥Sªº¸ê®Æ!

µoªí by: SK2 ©ó: 2005/3/3, 22:01
NO: 137

the country was Iran
same Harpoon, similar ending
the US Harpoon can't hit the target because it was nowhere already (sunk)
the Iran Harpoon can't hit the target because it was jammed by ECM

µoªí by: ryan2181 ©ó: 2005/3/11, 17:55
NO: 138

Dear fer-de-lance :
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µoªí by: ryan2181 ©ó: 2005/3/11, 18:00
NO: 139

°Ý¤@¤U.....
¤@¿´DDG¤Wªº¨¾ªÅªZ¾¹¦pªG¸Ë¤W¤FSM-2 ER/MR + ESSM + RAM + ¤è°}ªº¦h­«°t¨î
·|¤£·|¤Ó¹L???

µoªí by: ¿ß¿ß ©ó: 2005/3/11, 18:55
NO: 140

§Úªº­Ó¤H·N¨£¬O¡A¸Ë¤FRAM´N¤£¸Ë¤è°}

µoªí by: K.ODA ©ó: 2005/3/11, 21:37
NO: 141

RAM¸ò¤è°}¦PÄÝCIWS.....,

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µoªí by: ryan2181 ©ó: 2005/3/11, 21:42
NO: 142

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µoªí by: ryan2181 ©ó: 2005/3/11, 21:44
NO: 143


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µoªí by: K.ODA ©ó: 2005/3/11, 22:07
NO: 144

¡ô³o»ò¤@¨Ó·|¤£·|³y¦¨¹L­«........?

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µoªí by: ryan2181 ©ó: 2005/3/11, 23:58
NO: 145

§ÚªºDDG²îÅé¬O§J¨½¤ÒÄõ¯ÅCL....^^

(§O¾x¤F..¥h¦~§A¦P¼Ë¥Î§J¨½¤ÒÄõ¯Å©ñ¤W14®y5/38MK12ªº¬[ªÅCLAA ~ BACKY CLASS¨ì²{¦b³£ÁÙ¨S¥Í¥X¨Ó©O..)





µoªí by: Jimbo ©ó: 2005/3/12, 03:13
NO: 146

RAM's range is way longer than Phalanx, the max range are 11 km versus 1,486 meters. Even though it is fun to watch the Phalanx take down a drone and carve the drone apart, but 1,486 meters is a little bit too close to comfort for me.

German Navy went entirely with RAM, while U.S. Navy adopt a mix policy. On U.S. Navy ships, RAM and Phalanx are interchangable. Most of the ships (big boys), when they come in for refit, some of the CIWS mounts are replaced by RAM, but some of the CIWS mounts are retained. There's also a hybrid system called the SEARAM, this is a combination of Phalanx's radar with an 11 round cell instead of the normal 21 round cell. Which may meant the total phasing out of Phalanx in the future.
http://navysite.de/launcher/ram.htm

Taiwan Navy has been cleared to purchase the RAM missile system at far back as early 1993, but so far you guys haven't order any... This is very puzzling to me, as the RAM will be a perfect candidate to replace the antiquated Sea Chaparrals you guys like so much. Even the max range of Sea Chaparral is shorter 1.2~9.4 km, and there's only 4 missiles on mount with 16 reloads (by hand), whereas RAM have 21 missiles on mount. Plus RAM is capable of missile interception, where the Sea Chaparral is only effective against airplanes. In every aspect RAM is superior to the Sea Chaparral, yet your Navy stubburnly cling onto the Sea Chaparrals. I don't understand... RAM would be perfect for the Lafayette-class frigate.

µoªí by: CHAOS ©ó: 2005/3/12, 07:15
NO: 147

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µoªí by: ¦º¦Ñ¦Ê©m¥Ö¥d¥C ©ó: 2005/3/12, 13:48
NO: 148

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µoªí by: RCI ©ó: 2005/3/12, 16:18
NO: 149

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µoªí by: plane ©ó: 2005/3/12, 21:37
NO: 150

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µoªí by: RCI ©ó: 2005/3/12, 22:40
NO: 151

¦ÑÃD¥Ø¡Aª©¦ü¥G¤w¸g¦³¤H°Ýµª¤Î¸ÑÄÀ¡A¤p§Ì¤@®É¨S§ä¨ì¾A¦Xªº¡A½Ð¥ý©e©}¤@¤U¡A¨ì¥H¤U¸ê®Æ°Ïªº³o¤@Äæ¬Ý¬Ý¸Ì­±ªºªFªF¬O§_°÷¥Î¡I¡H
http://taiwantp.net/cgi/roadbbs.pl?board_id=1&type=show_post&post=641
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µoªí by: fer-de-lance ©ó: 2005/3/13, 06:04
NO: 152


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¸ò¤k«Ä¤l¬ù·| ...

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¨Ò¤l: AIM-120 AMRAAM ¡B¤Ñ¼C¤G


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¨Ò¤l: MIM-23 HAWK¡BAIM-7 ³Â³¶-III

³Q°Ê: ­¸¼u´M¼Ð¾¹°lÂܥؼеo¥Xªº¹p¹F©ÎªÌ¬O¤zÂZ«H¸¹¡C¤j³¡¥÷¹p¹F¾É¦V­¸¼u³£¦³¡u°lÂܤzÂZ¡v(Home on Jam; HOJ) ¾Þ§@¼Ò¦¡¡C¥t¥~¡u¤Ï¿ç®g¡v­¸¼u¨Ï¥Î¾Þ§@ÀW²v¸û¼eªº¡u³Q°Ê´M¼Ð¾¹¡v§ðÀ»¹p¹F¡C

¨Ò¤l:  AGM-88 HARM

µoªí by: fer-de-lance ©ó: 2005/3/13, 06:57
NO: 153

Jimbo, I wouldn't be so quick to denigrate Sea Chaparral.  Historically, it was the first antiship defense missile ever to be deployed by the USN.  When intelligence reports suggested that the North Vietnamese were operating Komar missile boats armed with Styx antiship missiles near Haiphong, "Anti-Ship Missile Defense" (ASMD) systems had to be improvised.

The AIM-9D Sidewinder with the liquid nitrogen cooled seeker was found, after modifications, to be the most effective of the off-the-shelf systems.  Nine launchers were procured for fitting to FRAM Gearings deployed to Vietnam.  These Gearings also received a "Hybrid Acquisition Radar" (HAR) for target indication.  Eventhough the early Styx were not sea skimmers per se, they flew low enough to make detection difficult for shipboard radars of that period.  The best low altitude target acquisition radars of that time were those using Continuous Wave (CW) with doppler processing (eg. CWAR in the HAWK batteries.)  HAR used two plannar array antennas, one for transmitting and the other for receiving.  Both HAR antennas were fitted side-by-side on the back of the SPS-10 surface search radar antenna.  Frequency Modulation (FM) was superimposed on the CW signal to measure range.

Targets detected by HAR were selected using the Mk 5 Target Designation System already on the FRAM Gearings.  Target data were relayed to the Sea Chaparral on-mount operator who acquired the target and completed the engagement.  The AIM-9D had modifications to its guidance logic and a active doppler radar proximity fuze fitted to enable it to engage inbound missile targets.  The missile was later type classified as the MIM-72 also known as "Hamburger" (ie. "Ground Round" ... :)

A German (Siemans) L-band Pulse Doppler radar was later adopted as the SPS-58 for anti-ship missile defense and became part of the Basic Point Defense Missile System (BPDMS) which used a hand-served radar illuminator for directing the RIM-7H "Sea Sparrow".  A version of the SPS-58 was developed using the SPS-10 radar antenna (dual L-band and C-band feed).  The ROCN used this radar on the H930 mod 1 Wu Jinn I upgrade program.  Incidentally, the Sea Chaparral launchers on the earliest units were the same ones fitted to the USN FRAM Gearings in Vietnam.

The Sea Chaparral missile saw continuous upgrades.  ROCN Sea Chaparral missiles were retrofitted with the same rosette scan seeker (RSS also known as the Passive Optical Seeker Technique; POST) as Block 0 RAM and is considered to have similar anti-ship missile defense capabilities at close range.  RAM Block 0 derives it longer engagement range from its dual element interferometer passive radar seeker.  The passive radar seeker allows RAM to shoot at targets too far for the IR seeker to acquire and guides the missile into a position where the IR seeker can lock on to the target.  Against a non-emitting missile, RAM Block 0 would have no range advantage over MIM-72C/R (MIM-72C retrofitted with the Rosette Scan seeker) Sea Chaparral.  The MIM-72H (export version of the -72F) was built with the RSS while the MIM-72J incorporated other improvements in addition to having the RSS.

So, RAM Block 0 has certain advantages but Sea Chaparral in ROCN service is a much more effective missile than most people realize.

RAM Block 0 was released for export to the ROCN as part of the PFG-2 Flt 2 program.  The PFG-2 Flt 2 was canceled and RAM Block 0 did not pass OT & E.

RAM Block 1 on the other hand beats them all with a Focal Plane Array (FPA) imaging seeker that outranges RSS by a long way.  It can acquire targets at long range without the aid of the passive radar seeker.  Nevertheless, it needs a Combat Direction System (CDS) like SWY-3 or the even better SSDS to make best use of its capabilities.  Since SSDS has become the de facto standard CDS on all non-Aegis units in the USN, THAT should become the standard CDS for the ROCN ... directing RAM Blk 1.

µoªí by: Luke-Skywalker ©ó: 2005/3/15, 10:54
NO: 154

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µoªí by: Ghostwolf ©ó: 2005/3/15, 12:31
NO: 155


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µoªí by: Luke-Skywalker ©ó: 2005/3/15, 12:42
NO: 156


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µoªí by: Jimbo ©ó: 2005/3/15, 13:06
NO: 157


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This is a big problem for me as well. Why can't you guys just stick with English, instead of trying to phonetically spell it out with Chinese characters? What do I use as a guide to pronounce "¨©¨½¯[", Minnan? Cantonese? Pekingnese? Shanghainese?

µoªí by: ¿ß¿ß ©ó: 2005/3/15, 14:17
NO: 158

ÁÙ¬OLHA-3 USS Belleau Wood¡AĶ­µ§ó¹³©O...

µoªí by: Luke-Skywalker ©ó: 2005/3/15, 14:38
NO: 159

³o¤UÅܦ¨Ä¥¦W¤j²qÁ¼¤F............... ??)

µoªí by: ¨§¨§Às ©ó: 2005/3/19, 08:22
NO: 160

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µoªí by: K.ODA ©ó: 2005/3/19, 16:46
NO: 161

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µoªí by: boss1966 ©ó: 2005/3/19, 17:47
NO: 162

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µoªí by: para dance ©ó: 2005/3/19, 22:44
NO: 163

­è¦bmdc ¬Ý¨ì¬ü°ê½æ§Ú¤èªºKnox ,
°ß¤@ªº¨¾ªÅ¤õ¤O¥u¦³¤è°}§Ö¬¶.
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µoªí by: K.ODA ©ó: 2005/3/19, 23:17
NO: 164

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µoªí by: fer-de-lance ©ó: 2005/3/20, 00:41
NO: 165

The Basic Point Defense Missile System (BPDMS) originally on the Knoxes used a hand operated Mk 71 director modified from the Mk 63 Gun Fire Control Director by adding two Mk 115 Continuous Wave (CW) radar antennas (one for transmitting and the other receiving).

The operator receives target designation from the CIC via head-phones.  He then has train the director to the designated bearing and either acquire the target in the optics of the director.  The Mk 115 radar display is projected into his sight and he has to center the spot in his sight to have the Mk 115 radar illuminate the target.  The missile is fired when the operator has managed to do all of that.  Then the operator has to keep the radar dot centered in his sight until the engagement is completed.

You can imagine that this "man in the loop" is not very efficient.  Having CIWS replace the system was a big improvement.  Adding MCS and SM-1 will finally give these ships a decent combat direction system and long range AAW capabilities.  For within radar horizon range antiship engagements, the SM-1 Block 6B in surface mode is preferred over Harpoon because of the Mach 2+ speed.

µoªí by: Jimbo ©ó: 2005/3/28, 11:52
NO: 166

I don't think any improvement to the Knox is worth the money, old hull and the steam plants demand too high level of man power. Also getting LCS to replace the Knox may be too rich for Taiwanese blood, look how the Speciall Military Package is delayed in the Legislative Yuan when your government's been seeking diesel submarines for 20+ years.

However, acquiring the recently retired Perry-class makes perfect sense, same machinery plants, similar weapon layout as Taiwan Navy's Cheng Kung-class. Streamline the parts requirement, training requirement, manning requirement, a win-win situation for Taiwan Navy.

If your military is more ingenious, they can even start a rebuild program for the Cheng Kung/Perry class. With 16+ hulls, it'll be economically feasible. The rebuild program will cut off the entire top side assembly and replace it with a superstructure of reduced RCS, redistribute the armament to reduce the top side weight, replace the Mk13 with Mk41, replace the Phalanx with RAM.

The final ship will have the 76-mm gun moved to the very forward, Mk13 replaced by Mk41 cells, the 8 Harpoons will be behind the bridge in radar absorbing boxes two deck lower, retain the ASW torpedoes, the 40-mm guns will be moved aft flanking the helicopter hangar, the helicopter hangar is reshaped in the same style as the Lafeyette-class, RAM on top of the helicopter hangar. The outer hull panels moved the the edge of the hull covered with GRP, ship's boat moved into special build covered bays. The bridge and the outer superstructure hull panels are angled at plus or minus 10 degree for reduced radar cross section, the radar mast reshaped and sheath in GRP, the exhaust stack is enlarged with IR suppressor to reduce IR signature. All electronics and sonar remains the same.

µoªí by: fer-de-lance ©ó: 2005/3/28, 13:04
NO: 167

Jimbo, the first ex-Knox is already in a yard being fitted with MCS and SM-1 box launchers.  That's all there is funding for while waiting to foot the bill for the big ticket items down the road.

The final PFG-2 unit you were describing (Flt 2) never happened.  The final unit was completed and commissioned as a standard PFG-2 Flt 1.  

The answer is not to build new units that only adds to the cost.  If you need numbers or need to release the PFG-1 Flt 1 for their mid-life upgrades, leasing ex-NRF long-hull FFG-7, preferably those with SQQ-89 and Mk 92 mod 6 already fitted (and Mk 13 one-armed bandit restored), is a better option.  

A mid-life upgrade (if one can be afforded) would need to include SSDS as the new CDS with RAM Blk 1 and SM-2 guidance (WDS Mk 14 functionality) using "rehosted" software running in a number of circuit cards in a standard 19-in VME "box".  THAT, is the most cost-effective option.

µoªí by: black69 ©ó: 2005/4/2, 23:05
NO: 168

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µoªí by: K.ODA ©ó: 2005/4/3, 21:16
NO: 169

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µoªí by: BWS ©ó: 2005/4/3, 22:10
NO: 170


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µoªí by: RCI ©ó: 2005/4/4, 00:07
NO: 171

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µoªí by: BWS ©ó: 2005/4/4, 00:22
NO: 172

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µoªí by: RCI ©ó: 2005/4/4, 01:19
NO: 173

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µoªí by: ALPHONSE. R ©ó: 2005/4/4, 07:30
NO: 174

Peleliu
http://www.peleliu.net/Maps/Palaumap.htm

http://www.peleliu.net/

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Belleau Wood

http://www.worldwar1.com/dbc/ct_bw.htm
http://www.firstworldwar.com/battles/belleau.htm

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µoªí by: SteveSu ©ó: 2005/4/10, 15:54
NO: 175

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µoªí by: ¿ß¿ß ©ó: 2005/4/10, 19:56
NO: 176

NAVAIR???

Naval Air System Command?

µoªí by: RCI ©ó: 2005/4/11, 00:31
NO: 177

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µoªí by: eshozhao´£·þ ©ó: 2005/4/11, 21:00
NO: 178

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µoªí by: Jimbo ©ó: 2005/4/12, 06:10
NO: 179

²Ä¤G¦¸¥@¬É¤j¾Ô¼w°ê®ü­x¼ç¤ô¸¥ U-511
http://www.prinzeugen.com/V2.htm

µoªí by: ¦º¦Ñ¦Ê©m¥Ö¥d¥C ©ó: 2005/4/12, 11:24
NO: 180

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µoªí by: ¦º¦Ñ¦Ê©m¥Ö¥d¥C ©ó: 2005/4/13, 18:58
NO: 181

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µoªí by: eshozhao´£·þ ©ó: 2005/4/13, 22:03
NO: 182


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µoªí by: JACK987 ©ó: 2005/4/13, 22:29
NO: 183


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µoªí by: BWS ©ó: 2005/4/14, 00:46
NO: 184

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µoªí by: Jimbo ©ó: 2005/4/14, 00:47
NO: 185


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¬ü°ê®ü­x U.S.S. Cusk (SS-348) - 1947
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ĬÁp®ü­x Project 611 (Zulu Class) - 1955
http://topgun.rin.ru/cgi-bin/units.pl?lng=eng&unit=2253

µoªí by: boss1966 ©ó: 2005/4/14, 20:42
NO: 186

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µoªí by: boss1966 ©ó: 2005/4/14, 21:00
NO: 187

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µoªí by: eshozhao´£·þ ©ó: 2005/4/14, 21:05
NO: 188


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µoªí by: Jimbo   µoªí¤é´Á: 2005/4/14, 00:47

¬ü°ê®ü­x U.S.S. Cusk (SS-348) - 1947
http://www.scs.wsu.edu/~gadrian/sub1.html

ĬÁp®ü­x Project 611 (Zulu Class) - 1955
http://topgun.rin.ru/cgi-bin/units.pl?lng=eng&unit=2253



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µoªí by: All smile ©ó: 2005/4/15, 00:58
NO: 189

§Ú¦n¹³§ä¨ì¤Fº|ºô¤§¶¯~ ^_^||~

µoªí by: Jimbo ©ó: 2005/4/15, 01:23
NO: 190


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I'm sorry for replying in English, my Chinese is not very good.

Several I-400s Sen Toku-class submarines was captured and examined by U.S. Navy before they are scuttled, but the examination wasn't very fruitful. The technology used and the layout of the Japanese submarines are totally foreign to the U.S. military, plus the time spent onboard was only about a month at the most before U.S. Navy is forced to scuttle the submarines (to prevent them from falling into the Soviet Union's hands).
http://www.combinedfleet.com/sen_toku.htm

There are some superficial resemblance between the way Japanese WWII Sen Toku-class store their aircraft, and the way post WWII U.S. Navy submarines store their Regulus missile (in watertight cylinder). But I think the resemblance came from similar requirements reaching similar arrangements, instead of copying Japanese technology outright.

µoªí by: FROCH ©ó: 2005/4/18, 21:22
NO: 191

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µoªí by: Luke-Skywalker ©ó: 2005/4/18, 21:49
NO: 192


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µoªí by: Luke-Skywalker ©ó: 2005/4/19, 00:31
NO: 193


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µoªí by: Demona ©ó: 2005/4/19, 15:10
NO: 194

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µoªí by: CHAOS ©ó: 2005/4/19, 19:16
NO: 195

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µoªí by: Luke-Skywalker ©ó: 2005/4/19, 21:51
NO: 196


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µoªí by: black69 ©ó: 2005/4/20, 02:32
NO: 197

±ÀÂˤ@­Óºô¯¸http://www.ch-sakura.jp/jieitai.php

µoªí by: RCI ©ó: 2005/4/22, 00:13
NO: 198

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µoªí by: black69 ©ó: 2005/4/23, 21:29
NO: 199

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µoªí by: ¦º¦Ñ¦Ê©m¥Ö¥d¥C ©ó: 2005/4/26, 13:59
NO: 200

§ø«B¯ÅªºOPS-24¬OActive PAR¶Ü?¦pªG¬O,²Ä¤@­ÓªA§ÐªºÄ¥¸üAPAR¨t²Îªº®Û«aÀ³¸Óµ¹¥¦,¦Ó«DThalesªºAPAR.

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µoªí by: black69 ©ó: 2005/4/26, 15:28
NO: 201

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©Ò¥H¤é¤åºô¯¸»¡¨ä¥i¦P®É§ðÀ»¤K­Ó¥Ø¼ÐÀ³¨S¿ù

µoªí by: ¦º¦Ñ¦Ê©m¥Ö¥d¥C ©ó: 2005/4/26, 19:23
NO: 202

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³o¤£­«­n,²z½×¤W¥u­n®g±±¯à¶q¤j(ex:¹q¸£»P·Ó©ú¹p¹F°÷¦h),§Y«K¬O¦A»¹ªº¾É¤Þ¤è¦¡³£¥i¥H¤@¦¸¾É¤Þ¤@°ï­¸¼u.³q±`¹ïSemi-Activeªº­¸¼u¦Ó¨¥,bottleneck¬O·Ó©ú¹p¹F¼Æ¶q.

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µoªí by: black69 ©ó: 2005/4/26, 19:59
NO: 203

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µoªí by: black69 ©ó: 2005/4/26, 20:04
NO: 204

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µoªí by: §s§s¹« ©ó: 2005/4/26, 22:17
NO: 205

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OPS-24­þ¬Oactiveªº¡H¤é¤å¸ê®Æ¥u¦³»¡¬O¡y¹q¤l¨«¬d¡z¡A¥i¨S»¡¬OT/R²Õ¥ó¡Cºô¸ô¤W¤@°ï¨S»¡T/R²Õ¥ó©Î¬O¯~¤Æ¹[²Õ¥óªº´N³£¬O³Q°Ê¦¡ªº¡A³o¬O±`ÃÑ¡C
FCS-3¤~¬O¥D°Ê¦¡¹q¤l±½´y¤õ±±¹p¹F¡A»POPS-24¤£¶Èªi¬q¤£¦P¡A¥Î³~¤]¤£¦P¡C
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µoªí by: ¦º¦Ñ¦Ê©m¥Ö¥d¥C ©ó: 2005/4/27, 15:31
NO: 206

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µoªí by: flak ©ó: 2005/4/27, 18:31
NO: 207

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¦³­ì¤åªº­É§Ú¬Ý¤@¤U¡A¦]¬°ºô¸ô¤Wªº¸ê®Æ¤£¦h¡A¨ä¤¤¤@­Ó¬Ý¨ìªº¬O¤ô¥­¾÷±ñ±ÛÂà¡A««ª½¹q¤l±½ºË¡A³q±`³oªí¥Ü¸ò¬ö¼wªºSPS-48¤@¼Ë¡AÁÙ¤£¬O§¹¾ãªºPAR¡C

¦]¬°³oºØ¦­´ÁªºPARÁöµM««ª½±½ºË¬O¹q¤l¦¡ªº¡A¦ý¥u¯à©T©w³t²v±½ºË¡A¦Ó¼Ú¬wªk¸qÅé¨t¨¾ªÅÄ¥ªº¡u¯u¥¿¡vPAR¹p¹F¡A¬O¯uªº¥i¥H««ª½¤ô¥­¶Ã¸õ¶Ã±½ªº¡A©Ò¥HÁöµMÁÙ¬O¤ô¥­¾÷±ñ±ÛÂà¡A¦ý¥i¥H¦¬¨ì¥Ø¼Ð¦^ªi«á¡A¦Aªíºt¡u¦^ÀY¡v½T»{¥Ø¼Ðªºµ´§Þ¡A¨Ï¨ä¹ï§Ü¹¡©M§ðÀ»ªº¯à¤O¶W¶V¦­´ÁªºPAR¡A¹GªñAPAR¡C

µoªí by: Toga ©ó: 2005/4/27, 19:15
NO: 208

¦bGoogle¤j¯«¿ý¤¤Áä¤JOPS-24¤@µü¡G

1. ¤åÄm¤@¡G¤é¤å­ì¤å°O¸ü¡A¤ÒOPS-24ªÌ¡A¤ô¥­¾÷±Û¡A««ª½¹q±½¤]
http://www.yuri.sakura.ne.jp/~right/equipment/jmsdf/shipparts/com.rador/ops-24/ops-24.html

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http://japan.people.com.cn/2001/02/16/riben20010216_1900.html

µoªí by: ¦º¦Ñ¦Ê©m¥Ö¥d¥C ©ó: 2005/4/28, 09:19
NO: 209

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µoªí by: ¦º¦Ñ¦Ê©m¥Ö¥d¥C ©ó: 2005/4/28, 09:25
NO: 210

>®üìû¾ð­¸¼u¬O¬õ¥~½u°l¼ö¾É¤Þ¡A¨ä­¸¼uµo®g¨t²Î¤W¥»¨­¦³Â²³æªº°lÂܺË&#20950;¨t²Î¡A­¸¼uµo®g¤§«á«Kª½±µ°lµÛ¼Ä¾÷¤ÞÀº¼ö·½¦Ó¥h¡A²îÄ¥¦A¤]¤£¥Î¡A¨Æ¹ê¤W¤]¤£¯àºÞ¥Lªº«áÄò°Ê¦V¡A¦]¦¹¥u­n§ä­Ó¦a¤è¦w¸m¨Ã±µ¦n¹q·½¡A®üìû¾ð­¸¼u¨t²Î²z½×¤W¥i¥H¸Ë¸m¦b¥ô¦ó²îÄ¥¤W¡A¦ý¬O¨ä©Ê¯à¤]¥¿¦p«e©Ò­z¡G¦b²{¥N°ª±j«×°ª¬ì§Þ¾Ô³õ¤W¡A¨ä¦s¦b¥H¸Ë¦n¬Ýªº¦¨¥÷©~¦h¡D

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³o¼Ë±d©wªº·Ó©ú¹p¹F¥u¯à¾É¤Þ76mm¯¥

µoªí by: §s§s¹« ©ó: 2005/4/29, 23:30
NO: 211

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µoªí by: black69 ©ó: 2005/5/1, 19:43
NO: 212

¨º¨ì©³OPS-24¬O¤£¬O¬Û±±¹p¹F¡H
À³¸Ó¬O§ø«B¯Å¦b2004¦~¤~´«¸ËESSM§a

µoªí by: §s§s¹« ©ó: 2005/5/1, 23:20
NO: 213


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µoªí by: §s§s¹« ©ó: 2005/5/1, 23:33
NO: 214


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µoªí by: black69 ©ó: 2005/5/3, 15:55
NO: 215

http://weapons-free.masdf.com/sea/japan/murasamedd.html
http://www004.upp.so-net.ne.jp/weapon/essm.htm
¬Ý±oÀ´¤é¤åªºÂ½Ä¶¤@¤U

µoªí by: ¨§¨§Às ©ó: 2005/5/4, 19:46
NO: 216

½Ð°Ý¦U¦ì¤j¤j¤@­Ó°ÝÃD:ÁöµM²{¦b°Ý³o­Ó°ÝÃD©Î³\¤Ó¦­~¤£¹L¥¼¨Ó§Ú°êªº¬ö¼wÄ¥¦^°êªA§Ð«á°²¦p¨ì®É¤S¤Þ¶i¯«¬ÞµM«á§Ú­Ìªº®ü­x¤S¬°¤F¸`¬Ù¦¨¥»¤£±o¤w¥u¦n§â¨ä¤¤2¿´ª¬ªp¤£¤Ó¦nªº¬ö¼wÄ¥°h§Ð~¨º»ò¨º2¿´©Ò·f¸üªºªZ¾¹¸Ë³Æ¥H¤Î¤@¨Ç¹s¹s¸H¸HªºªF¦è­n¦p¦ó³B²z©O???

µoªí by: Luke-Skywalker ©ó: 2005/5/4, 20:10
NO: 217


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µoªí by: ¾~ ©ó: 2005/5/7, 21:53
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µoªí by: ºÖº¸¼¯¨F ©ó: 2005/5/7, 22:39
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µoªí by: ¿ß¿ß ©ó: 2005/5/7, 22:52
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µoªí by: ¾~ ©ó: 2005/5/7, 22:54
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µoªí by: ¿ß¿ß ©ó: 2005/5/7, 23:01
NO: 222

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µoªí by: ºÖº¸¼¯¨F ©ó: 2005/5/8, 00:11
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µoªí by: ¿ß¿ß ©ó: 2005/5/8, 10:33
NO: 224

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µoªí by: BWS ©ó: 2005/5/8, 12:54
NO: 225


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µoªí by: ºÖº¸¼¯¨F ©ó: 2005/5/14, 14:42
NO: 226

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µoªí by: Luke-Skywalker ©ó: 2005/5/15, 00:47
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µoªí by: ¾~ ©ó: 2005/5/18, 00:12
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µoªí by: ºÖº¸¼¯¨F ©ó: 2005/5/22, 19:52
NO: 229

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µoªí by: ¿ß¿ß ©ó: 2005/5/22, 22:50
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µoªí by: Toga ©ó: 2005/5/22, 23:08
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µoªí by: ºÖº¸¼¯¨F ©ó: 2005/5/23, 17:11
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µoªí by: Toga ©ó: 2005/5/23, 17:25
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µoªí by: ¾~ ©ó: 2005/5/23, 22:30
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µoªí by: ¨§¨§Às ©ó: 2005/5/26, 17:58
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µoªí by: ºÖº¸¼¯¨F ©ó: 2005/5/28, 17:12
NO: 239

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µoªí by: black69 ©ó: 2005/5/28, 23:40
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µoªí by: black69 ©ó: 2005/5/30, 02:14
NO: 243

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NO: 244

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NO: 245

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NO: 246

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NO: 247

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NO: 248

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NO: 249

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µoªí by: black69 ©ó: 2005/6/4, 23:38
NO: 250

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µoªí by: Toga ©ó: 2005/6/5, 00:49
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µoªí by: Eagle ©ó: 2005/6/5, 09:33
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µoªí by: Toga ©ó: 2005/6/6, 09:56
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µoªí by: ¨§¨§Às ©ó: 2005/6/7, 17:37
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µoªí by: Luke-Skywalker ©ó: 2005/6/10, 00:46
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µoªí by: black69 ©ó: 2005/6/11, 21:41
NO: 264

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µoªí by: black69 ©ó: 2005/6/11, 21:56
NO: 265

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µoªí by: RCI ©ó: 2005/6/11, 23:52
NO: 266

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µoªí by: fer-de-lance ©ó: 2005/6/12, 12:50
NO: 267

You'd need 3D coordinates of the target and the outbound missile to compute mid-course command guidance commands.  You can use tracking radars to track both the target and the missile eg. TTR, MTR in the Nike-Hercules, SPG-51D or ... if you are really clever, you use the SPS-48E to track multiple targets and the SYR-1 telemetry system to track 20 outbound SM-2's simultaneously (on a time-shared basis).

µoªí by: ºÖº¸¼¯¨F ©ó: 2005/6/12, 20:21
NO: 268

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µoªí by: ºÖº¸¼¯¨F ©ó: 2005/6/14, 12:31
NO: 269

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µoªí by: fer-de-lance ©ó: 2005/6/14, 18:51
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µoªí by: boss1966 ©ó: 2005/6/18, 11:11
NO: 271

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µoªí by: Luke-Skywalker ©ó: 2005/6/22, 08:58
NO: 272

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µoªí by: black69 ©ó: 2005/6/23, 17:47
NO: 273

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µoªí by: BTT ©ó: 2005/6/24, 16:40
NO: 274

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µoªí by: Toga ©ó: 2005/6/25, 04:32
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µoªí by: boss1966 ©ó: 2005/7/19, 21:21
NO: 289

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http://www.defense-aerospace.com/cgi-bin/client/modele.pl?session=dae.11940794.1113590754.QmAL4sOa9dUAAAgWELM&modele=jdc_34
Pentagon Contract Announcement


(Source: US Department of Defense; issued July 15, 2005)


Northrop Grumman Ship Systems (NGSS), Pascagoula, Miss., is being awarded a $109,865,504 cost-plus-fixed-fee contract for Advanced Planning, Long Lead Time Material, Systems Engineering, and Special Studies for the LHA(R) Flight 0 Amphibious Assault Ship.

The LHA(R) will replace the LHA 1 Class Amphibious Assault Ship and will provide forward presence and power projection as an integral part of joint, inter-agency and multi-national maritime expeditionary forces. It will launch tilt-rotors, helicopters, and fixed wing, short take-off vertical landing aircraft in support of amphibious operations.

The LHA(R) Flight 0 Ship will be a variant of the LHD 8 Amphibious Assault Ship currently being built by NGSS and will have enhanced aviation capabilities.

Work will be performed in Pascagoula, Miss., and is expected to be completed by December 2006. The contract was awarded on a sole-source basis. Contract funds will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year.

The Naval Sea Systems Command, Washington, D.C., is the contracting activity

µoªí by: Luke-Skywalker ©ó: 2005/7/20, 17:03
NO: 290

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µoªí by: boss1966 ©ó: 2005/7/20, 18:34
NO: 291

P-3C Update III AIP¾÷«¬¤¤ªºAIP


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µoªí by: black69 ©ó: 2005/8/24, 20:30
NO: 297

DDG-177Ä¥¦W¦n¹³¬O  ·RÌX

µoªí by: ¦º¦Ñ¦Ê©m¥Ö¥d¥C ©ó: 2005/8/25, 10:48
NO: 298

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µoªí by: boss1966 ©ó: 2005/8/27, 00:55
NO: 299

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µoªí by: ¦º¦Ñ¦Ê©m¥Ö¥d¥C ©ó: 2005/8/27, 07:13
NO: 300

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µoªí by: boss1966 ©ó: 2005/8/29, 00:21
NO: 301

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http://tuku.military.china.com/military/html/2005-08-26/815841_025563673.htm
http://tuku.military.china.com/military/html/2005-08-26/815841_025564033.htm
http://tuku.military.china.com/military/html/2005-08-26/815841_025564213.htm

µoªí by: Cedric ©ó: 2005/8/29, 15:37
NO: 302

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µoªí by: RCI ©ó: 2005/8/29, 22:13
NO: 303


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µoªí by: Cedric ©ó: 2005/8/29, 22:59
NO: 304

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µoªí by: Cedric ©ó: 2005/8/30, 14:54
NO: 305

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§Úı±o¨âªÌªº¨¾ªÅ¾Ô°«¨t²Î»¡¤£©w¬O¦P¤@ºØ¡M ¦ýÃö©óĬÁp­xÄ¥ªºÄ¥¥Î¾Ô°«¨t²Î¸ê®Æ¦ü¥G«ÜÃø§ä¡C  §Ú¬d¹LNorman Friedman ªº "world naval weapons systems"¡C  ¹ï©óSA-N-7»PFront DomeªºµÛ¾¥«D±`¤Ö¡C  

SA-N-7­¸¼u«Ü©_©Ç...   Norman Friedman»¡¨ä¼u¹D¬O¥ýª¦°ª¦A­Á½Ä¦Ó¤U¡M ³o»ò»¡¨ÓÀ³¸Ó¬O¤¤³~ºD©Ê¾É¤Þ¤~¹ï¡C   ¦ý¬O¡M ¨ä®gµ{¤S¥u¦³30¤½¨½¡M ¤ñ¼Ð·Ç¤@ÁÙµu¡M ®Ú¥»´N¤£¹³¤@­Ó¨Ï¥Î¤¤³~ºD©Ê¾É¤Þ»P¸gÀÙ¼u¹Dªº­¸¼u¡C    

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µoªí by: RCI ©ó: 2005/8/30, 19:20
NO: 306


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µoªí by: Cedric ©ó: 2005/9/3, 11:42
NO: 307

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µoªí by: RCI ©ó: 2005/9/4, 15:35
NO: 308


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µoªí by: fer-de-lance ©ó: 2005/9/4, 21:00
NO: 309

The 052B uses the SA-N-12 Yezh (3M38).



This is an improvement on the SA-N-7 but still not very impressive.

Cedric, you frequent the PRC 'boards, so you should have seen the comments on how poorly SA-N-7 performed in test firings.  USN Intelligence credit that missile with Sea Sparrow range (but lower Pk) and considers SA-N-12 similar in range to a late Block SM-1.  

A commonly held misconception is that the rate-limiting step to engaging air targets is the rate of fire and speed of the intercepting missile.  USN studies have shown that early initial detection, efficient track compiling, threat evaluation and assignment of weapons to engage are much more important.  That is where USN systems such as SYS-2 Field Change 2 and an efficient CDS (plus LINK 16 integration) give a significant edge.  I also like the idea of Mk 74 mod 15 CWAT horizon search and Block 1A Phalanx being able to contribute to early detection of sea skimmers by the Kidds.

I get this feeling that we've been through a lot this before ...

µoªí by: Cedric ©ó: 2005/9/6, 01:54
NO: 310

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a physical limitation)

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µoªí by: black69 ©ó: 2005/9/8, 18:41
NO: 311

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NO: 335

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SAN-6¬O¥Ñ³°°ò«¬¨¾ªÅ­¸¼uµo®i¦Ó¨ÓÅé¿n¤£¤p¨ä¾A¦XÄdºI§CªÅ­¸¾÷©Î±°®ü¤ÏÄ¥­¸¼u¶Ü¡H


µoªí by: ¦º¦Ñ¦Ê©m¥Ö¥d¥C ©ó: 2005/10/16, 07:06
NO: 336

SM-2¬OSM-2¡AESSM¬OESSM¡C

SM-2¨t¦C¯ÉÂøÃe¤j¡A¦­´ÁªºSM-2 MR¨t¦C®gµ{¥u¦³¤­¤Q´X¤½¨½¡A»·¤£¦pSA-N-6¡]100~120km¡^¡F¦ý¬Oº¸«á¼Wµ{«¬SM-2 ER¨t¦C¡]¦h¤@¸`¥[¤O¾¹¡^ªº®gµ{ªí²{¦bSA-N-6¤§¤W(185¡Ï)¡C

SA-N-6¥þªø7m¡A¼u®|0.45m¡ASM-2ER¨t¦Cªø6.5m~7.9¤W¤U¡A¼u®|¬ù0.35m¡]¥[¤O¾¹0.53m¡^¡A

µoªí by: black69 ©ó: 2005/10/16, 17:17
NO: 337

¤£¬O§aSM-2MR¨t¦Cblock3A¡AB«¬ªø«×¬ù¦b4.7¦Ü5¤½¤Ø¶¡¦ý¬O®gµ{¹F¨ì150¦Ü166¤½¨½¶¡
¤ñSAN-6ÁÙ»·¦ý¬O¤Ø¤o¸û¤p

µoªí by: unnamed ©ó: 2005/10/28, 15:45
NO: 338

fer-de-lance:


¤Þ¥Î¤å³¹
So, RAM Block 0 has certain advantages but Sea Chaparral in ROCN service is a much more effective missile than most people realize.


That is if the missiles are properly maintained, in a recent practice event.


¤Þ¥Î¤å³¹
¤]­n¥ý¯àµo®g¥X¥h¤~·|ª¾¹D°×¼u &nbsp;
¤§«e¥X¥h¸Õ®g®üÂO µ²ªGÅܦ¨¬Ý­¸¼uªº©ßª«½u¹B°Ê
µo®g¥X¥h¶V¹L²îÀY´Nª½±µ­¸¦V®ü©³


this is what happened....

So maybe the 40mm L70 are there as the real first line of air defense. &nbsp;Although being very uneffective.

µoªí by: Cedric ©ó: 2005/11/4, 23:00
NO: 339

½Ð°Ý¦U¦ì¤j¤j¡R

¬ö¼w¯Å(°ò¶©¯Å)¤WªºSPG-51¬O§_¬°MK74 Mod 15ªººc«¬(´N¬O¨º­Ó¥i¥H¥HXªi¬q
¶i¦æCWATªººc§Î¡S)

Mod 15Å¥»¡·|¼W¥[¤@¤p¤ù¤Ñ½u¦b­ì¥»ªºSPG-51®Ç¡M ¦ýºô¸ô¤Wªº·Ó¤ù¹ê¦b¤Ó¤£²M·¡¡M
§Ú¬Ý¤F¥b¤Ñ¤]µLªk½T»{¡C

¦hÁÂ

µoªí by: fer-de-lance ©ó: 2005/11/10, 06:06
NO: 340

MIM-72 are considered "wooden rounds".  Store 'em right and you don't need maintenance.  But leave them on the rails exposed to the elements (sea spray etc.) and neglect to hose 'em down with fresh water on a regular basis and they can misbehave.  Especially if they are the oldest -72C retrofitted with the all- aspect rosette scan seeker (-72C/R).

Missiles also have an awful habit of embarrassing the TAO or the PWO (depending on which navy you're in) during firings - especially when qualifications are at stake.  That's why in combat, especially cruise missile defense scenarios, you do "shoot-shoot-look-shoot".  People forget the overall Pk is affected by exactly that type "plinking the wave" failure described above.

One of the PFG-3's best ant-missile defense resides in the 130mm tubes in the Dagaie II - an ROCN unique solution ...

There again, some of the PFG-3 also have Block IA CIWS ...

µoªí by: black69 ©ó: 2005/11/25, 17:42
NO: 341

½Ð°ÝASTER¨t¦Cªº¨¾ªÅ­¸¼u¨Ï¥Î²×ºÝ¥D°Ê¹p¹F¾É¤Þ¦³¦óÀu¯ÊÂI

SM-2block3B¨Ï¥Î²×ºÝ¬õ¥~½u¾É¤Þ¬O§_´N¯à¶Wµø¶Z§ðÀ»

SM-3¬O¦p¦ó¾É¤Þªº

µoªí by: RCI ©ó: 2005/11/25, 23:46
NO: 342


¤Þ¥Î¤å³¹
½Ð°ÝASTER¨t¦Cªº¨¾ªÅ­¸¼u¨Ï¥Î²×ºÝ¥D°Ê¹p¹F¾É¤Þ¦³¦óÀu¯ÊÂI


Àu¯ÊÂI©M¨ä¥¦²×ºÝ¾É¤Þ¨Ï¥Î¥D°Ê¹p¹F§@¬°¥Ø¼Ð¸ê®Æ¶q¨ãªº­¸¼u¤@¼Ë¡I

±©¥H¤Uºô­¶´£¨ìªº¦p¦óÁ×Á×¶}»~À»¥Ø¼Ð¤Î­°§Cmiss-distanceªº»¡ªk±z¥i°Ñ¦Ò¤@¤U

http://www.mbda.net/site/FO/scripts/siteFO_contenu.php?lang=EN&noeu_id=88

The Aster missile computes the predicted intercept time according to the target and environmental data it receives during the launch sequence. From the missile flyout and up to the point at which the active RF seeker switches on, the missile is inertially guided, receiving periodic target position and environment updates from the Firing Control Unit via the up-link. This data allows the missile to update its own computations continuously as well as its optimum trajectory towards seeker switch-on and intercept and the predicted intercept time. As soon as the seeker has switched on and achieved target lock, the missile can home onto the target. The risk of acquiring the wrong target is avoided by means of sophisticated functions within the seeker and the on board computer. Just before intercept and as determined by the on board computer, the pyrotechnic ¡¥PIF¡¦ is initiated, operating in conjunction with the aerody-namic control, the ¡¥PAF¡¦ to significantly reduce the predicted missile/target miss-distance, to the point of achieving a direct hit.

«ö¡G¶i¤@¨Bªº¸ê°T«ØÄ³½ÐGUIDANCE¥S´£¨Ñ°ª¨£



¤Þ¥Î¤å³¹
SM-2block3B¨Ï¥Î²×ºÝ¬õ¥~½u¾É¤Þ¬O§_´N¯à¶Wµø¶Z§ðÀ»

SM-3¬O¦p¦ó¾É¤Þªº


¶Wµø¶Z§ðÀ»»P²×ºÝ¬O§_¨Ï¥Î¬õ¥~½uÃö«Y¤£¤j
¨ä¾l¼Ð·Ç®a±Ú¨t¦C¸ê®Æ½Ð°Ñ¦Ò¥H¤Uºô§}ªº¤¤¤å»¡©ú
http://mbox.hchs.hc.edu.tw/~military/navy/usanavy/E-antiair-SM.htm
http://mbox.hchs.hc.edu.tw/~military/navy/usanavy/E-antiair-SM-add.htm




µoªí by: RCI ©ó: 2005/11/27, 06:25
NO: 343

¡ô¸É¥R¡GSM-3ªº¾É¤Þ
http://taiwanbbs.org/cgi/index.pl?b=mil,s=1,m=1126330050#r41

µoªí by: ¨§¨§Às ©ó: 2005/12/7, 20:14
NO: 344

®ü­x²×©ó¤S¥´ºâ­n¶Rªo¼u¸Éµ¹Ä¥ÂP........§Æ±æ³o¦¸¯à¦h¶R´X¿´¥i§Oµ¥¨ì­þ¤Ñ¶R¤F¯«¬Þ¥H«á¤S»¡­n¦A±ÄÁʤ@¦¸= =¤£¹L®ü­x³o¦¸·|°¾¦V¶R¥~°ê³fÁÙ¬O°ê²£³f©O?ÁٽЦU¦ì¤j¤j«ü±Ð~~~

µoªí by: Luke-Skywalker ©ó: 2005/12/7, 20:33
NO: 345


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®ü­x²×©ó¤S¥´ºâ­n¶Rªo¼u¸Éµ¹Ä¥ÂP........§Æ±æ³o¦¸¯à¦h¶R´X¿´¥i§Oµ¥¨ì­þ¤Ñ¶R¤F¯«¬Þ¥H«á¤S»¡­n¦A±ÄÁʤ@¦¸= =¤£¹L®ü­x³o¦¸·|°¾¦V¶R¥~°ê³fÁÙ¬O°ê²£³f©O?ÁٽЦU¦ì¤j¤j«ü±Ð~~~


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µoªí by: boss1966 ©ó: 2005/12/8, 00:29
NO: 346

¸U¾·¯Åªº¸Éµ¹Ä¥¥Ø«e°ê¤º¥u¦³¤¤²î¦³¿ìªk³y
­Y­nµ¹¤¤²î³y¥i¯à­n±Æ¨ì2007¥H«á¤~±Æªº¤W½u
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©Î³\2007´N¥i¥H¥[¤J®ü­xªº¦æ¦C

³o´N­n®ü­x¦Û¤v¥hµû¦ô»´­«½w«æ¤F

µoªí by: ¤K¤À¥ð¤î ©ó: 2005/12/8, 09:15
NO: 347


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¥Ñ©ó¬ö¼wÄ¥ªº¸Éµ¹»Ý¨D¤j¡A¦Ó®ü­x¥Ø«e¶È¦³ªº¤@¿´§Ö³tªo¼u¸Éµ¹Ä¥¡uªZ¦i¡v¸¹¤£¼Å¨Ï¥Î¡A°ê¨¾³¡¤w¸g¨M©w§ë¸ê¬ù¤Ü¤»»õ¤¸¡AÄwÀò¤@¿´¤j«¬ªo¼u¸Éµ¹Ä¥¡C®ü­x©x­ûªí¥Ü¡AÄwÀò¤è¦¡¦³°êÄ¥°ê³y¡B±µ¦¬¬ü­xÂÂÄ¥µ¥¡A¦ý­­©ó¬F©²°]¤O¡A­«·s³yÄ¥©Ò¶O¤£¸í¡A¦¹¤@­pµeÀu¥ý¶¶§Ç¤£°ª¡A¤@ª½±Æ¤£¤W¹wºâ´Áµ{¡C®Ú¾Ú®ü­x³W¹º¡A­Y¹wºâ±¡§Î¶¶§Q¡A¸Ó¿´·sªo¼u¸Éµ¹Ä¥¹w©w©ú¦~«Ø®×¡A¨â¦~«áªA§Ð¡A·sÄ¥¤Ø¤o¸û¡uªZ¦i¸¹¡vµy¤j¡Aº¡¸ü¾·¦ì¦b¨â¸U¾·¥H¤U¡A¥i·f¸ü¤@¸U¤½¾·¿Uªo©M¤@¤d¤½¾·ª«¸ê¡CÁp¦X·s»Dºô (2005/12/07 05:17)


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¤S¤Ü¤»»õ¤¸¡Aº¡¸ü¨â¸U¾·¥H¤Uªº¤G¤â¬ü­x¸Éµ¹Ä¥¡A²ö«D¬O¶À¥Û¯Å¡H

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³ÌÁV¿|ªº±¡ªp¡A©Î³\¥u¯à±H±æ±q¬ü­x¤è­±Àò±o¸Éµ¹¡C¬°¦¹¡A¥­®É«Ø¥ß¦n©M¬ü­xªºÁp¦X§@¾Ô¾÷¨î¡A¼ô±x¬ü­xªº¸Éµ¹§@·~¬yµ{¡A¦ÜÃö­«­n(±µ¦¬¬ü³W¸Éµ¹Ä¥©Î³\¦³¦¹¦Ò¶q¦b¤º)

µoªí by: boss1966 ©ó: 2005/12/9, 02:26
NO: 348

T-AE 26 Kilauea,T-AE 32 Flint ³o¨â¿´¥HÃö®q¬°¥À´ä
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µoªí by: Luke-Skywalker ©ó: 2005/12/11, 01:52
NO: 349

»P¨ä±µ¤G¤â¡AÁÙ¤£¦p¦Û¤O³yÄ¥(´¡¶¤½Ð¤¤²î»°¤u)¡A¥H¸É¨¬®ü­xªºªo¼u¸Éµ¹Ä¥»Ý¨D¡C

µoªí by: boss1966 ©ó: 2005/12/11, 10:51
NO: 350

©ú¦~«×½s¹wºâÁÙ­nµ¥2007¤~¯à°õ¦æ
­n´¡¶¤½Ð¤¤²î»°¤u³Ì§Ö¤]­n2007¥H«á¤~±Æªº¤W
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µoªí by: boss1966 ©ó: 2005/12/11, 10:57
NO: 351

±µ¦¬¤G¤â¸Éµ¹Ä¥¸ò³y·sÄ¥¬O¥i¥H¦P®É¶i¦æªº
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µoªí by: Luke-Skywalker ©ó: 2005/12/11, 13:01
NO: 352

¥H¦³­­ªº­xÁʶO¥ÎÆ[ÂI¨Ó¬Ý¡A¹L´ç´Á¥ý¥Î¯²¸îªº¤ñ¸û¦Eºâ(Á{®É½s¨î)¡A«Ý·s³yªo¼u¸Éµ¹Ä¥ªA§Ð«á¡A¦AÁÙµ¹¬ü­x¥ý«e¯²¸îªºªo¼u¸Éµ¹Ä¥¡C

µoªí by: ¨§¨§Às ©ó: 2005/12/11, 17:10
NO: 353

§Úªº¤Ñ£«~·Pı¼çÄ¥¯uªºÂ÷§Ú­Ì¶V¨Ó¶V»·¤F@@"¨º¸s°ê¿Ë¥ß©e¨ì©³¦b·d¤°»ò??Ãø¤£¦¨¥L­Ì¯uªº¥´ºâ©êµÛ¥²¦ºªº¨M¤ß¨C¤H©ê¤@Áû³½¹pµM«á¬°°ê®½Âß@@

µoªí by: boss1966 ©ó: 2005/12/11, 18:46
NO: 354

T-AE 26 Kilauea,T-AE 32 Flint ³o¨â¿´¤w¸g§Y±N°h§Ð
¬ü­xÀ³¸Ó¤£·|·Q¯²¥X¥h¤­~¤»¦~¦A¦¬¦^¥h¥Î
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±N¨ÓÁÙ¥i¥H·í¹vÄ¥©Î·í¼oÅK½æµ¹©î²î·~

µoªí by: Luke-Skywalker ©ó: 2005/12/16, 15:33
NO: 355


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§Úªº¤Ñ£«~·Pı¼çÄ¥¯uªºÂ÷§Ú­Ì¶V¨Ó¶V»·¤F@@"¨º¸s°ê¿Ë¥ß©e¨ì©³¦b·d¤°»ò??Ãø¤£¦¨¥L­Ì¯uªº¥´ºâ©êµÛ¥²¦ºªº¨M¤ß¨C¤H©ê¤@Áû³½¹pµM«á¬°°ê®½Âß@@


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µoªí by: flak ©ó: 2005/12/17, 11:44
NO: 356

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:o²{ª÷¥d¨ê¤U¥h¡A¦ÑÁó¡A¥]­Ó¤K¥x°e¨ì§Ú®a´ä¤f

µoªí by: black69 ©ó: 2005/12/18, 14:03
NO: 357

½Ð°Ý¦U¦ì¥ý¶i


  ¬ü¤éµo®iªºSM-3°£¤F¹ï¥I¤¤¤j®ð¼h¥~µuµ{¼u¹D­¸¼u¥~¬O§_¤]¥i®³¨Ó¹ï¥I¤j®ð¼h¤º¹³Tu-22 Tu-160 µ¥ªøµ{ÅF¬µ¾÷¡H
  F-16µo®g³½¤e­¸¼u§ðÀ»¼ÄÄ¥®É¬O§_­n¹ï¤ÏÄ¥­¸¼u¶i¦æ¤¤³~¾É¤Þ¡H

µoªí by: fer-de-lance ©ó: 2005/12/19, 12:25
NO: 358

Flak sir, what's the spending limit on you credit card?

SM-3 is exo-atmosphere only.

Harpoons currently in ROCAF inventory do not have an update-after-launch capability.  It is no secret that the USN is considering putting that capability on their inventory of Harpoons for the next upgrade ...

µoªí by: black69 ©ó: 2005/12/19, 15:48
NO: 359

½Ð°Ý¦U¦ì¥ý¶i
 ²{¦b¦³¨ÇªÅ®g«¬¤ÏÄ¥­¸¼u®gµ{³£¦³200km¥H¤W¾÷¸ü¹p¹F°»·j½d³ò¤]¦³150km¶W¹LÄ¥¸ü¨¾ªÅ­¸¼u®gµ{
¨º­xÄ¥¹J¨ì¾Ô¾÷¤£´N«D±`¦MÀI¡H¨¾ªÅ­¸¼u±N«ÜÃø¥´À»µo®gASMªº¡H­¸¾÷

µoªí by: Cedric ©ó: 2005/12/20, 02:30
NO: 360

½Ð°Ý¦U¦ì¤j¤j¡M ¬ö¼w¯ÅÄ¥¾ô¤WªºAN/SPG-51¹p¹F¡M ¨ä¤Ñ½uªº¥ªÃ䦳¤@­Ó¥¿¤è§ÎªºªF¦è¡M ¨º
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±q¤Ñ½uªº¥ª°¼¬ð¥X¡M À³¸Ó¬O¬°¤F»P¥D¤Ñ½u¦P¶b±µ¦¬¬YºØ°T¸¹.....

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µoªí by: Ghostwolf ©ó: 2005/12/20, 04:12
NO: 361


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µoªí by: Luke-Skywalker ©ó: 2005/12/20, 17:44
NO: 362


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µoªí by: Ghostwolf ©ó: 2005/12/20, 23:26
NO: 363


¤Þ¥Î¤å³¹
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P.S.³o±iADS­É§Ú¤@¥Î

=========================
May the Force be with you

President of IMFS(International Military Fans Society)

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Edited by - Luke-Skywalker on 12/20/2005 17:45:12


¬O»¡³o­Ó? ³o¬qµo¨¥¬O§A¤µ¤Ñ¤~­×§ï¹L~~~~  ­ü....

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µoªí by: ¦ÑK ©ó: 2005/12/21, 19:36
NO: 364

¤£ª¾¹D­þ¦ìºô¤Í¾Ö¦³Ãö©óSM-2(Block3A)ÄdºI3M80¡BKh-31µ¥¶W­µ³t¤ÏÄ¥­¸¼u¯à¤O(¦p³æµoÄdºI¾÷²v)ªº¸ê®Æ¡A©Î¥i´£¥Ü¤j²¤ªº¸ê®Æ·j´M¤è¦V¡AÅý¤p§Ì¯à°÷¥h§ä§ä¡C·P®¦¡I

¬ü°ê¦ü´¿¶i¤f¤@§åKh-31§ïªº¶W­µ³t¹v¼u¡A¤£ª¾¬O§_´¿¥Î©óSM-2ªº¸Õ®g¤¤¡HÁÙ¬Oµ¹ESSMªº¸Õ®g¥Î±¼¤F¡H

µoªí by: Luke-Skywalker ©ó: 2005/12/21, 21:42
NO: 365

DDG-993 USS KIDD
Fate To Taiwan as the DDG-1801 Keelung, scheduled to be commissioned on Dec 19 2005 at Su-Ao Naval Ba
http://www.navsource.org/archives/05/993.htm

DDG-994 USS CALLAGHAN
Fate To Taiwan as the DDG-1802 Su-Ao, scheduled to be commissioned on Dec 19 2005 at Su-Ao Naval Base
http://www.navsource.org/archives/05/994.htm

DDG-995 USS SCOTT
Fate To Taiwan as the DDG-1803 Tzuo-Ying, commissioning date to be determined.
http://www.navsource.org/archives/05/995.htm

DDG-996 USS CHANDLER
Fate To Taiwan as the DDG-1805 Ma-Kong, commissioning date to be determined
http://www.navsource.org/archives/05/996.htm

µoªí by: Luke-Skywalker ©ó: 2005/12/22, 01:10
NO: 366

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USS 995 Scott ¡÷ ROCN 1801 Keelung
USS 993 Kidd ¡÷ ROCN 1803 Zuoying

µoªí by: fer-de-lance ©ó: 2005/12/22, 13:40
NO: 367


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½Ð°Ý¦U¦ì¤j¤j¡M ¬ö¼w¯ÅÄ¥¾ô¤WªºAN/SPG-51¹p¹F¡M ¨ä¤Ñ½uªº¥ªÃ䦳¤@­Ó¥¿¤è§ÎªºªF¦è¡M ¨º¬O¤°»ò¡S


You mean that little antenna ... approximately 5-in (130mm) by 3 and a half inch(84mm).  That'll be transmitting antenna for the famous CWAT (Continuous Wave Acquisition and Tracking) adjunct to Mk 74 GMFCS (Guided Missile Fire Control System) introduced in the mod 15 version.

Very clever use of existing elements of the system - actually.  Mk 74 / SPG-51D operates in C-band for tracking - one of the first pulse doppler radars in naval service.  That part of the system uses the big parabolic dish (horizontally polarized solid reflector; AS-2234) with the 4-horn feed cluster at the end of the arm suspended from the top of the dish.

To guide the missiles, there is an X-band sub-system operating in CW(continuous wave) using the same antenna.  The parabolic dish has a metal grid imbedded in the parabolic dish to form a vertically polarized X-band reflector.  There is an X-band horn feed at the center of the reflector to provide a wide (80 x 70 deg) beam as rear reference for the missile.  Another X-band feed co-located with the C-band feed provides a very narrow (0.9 deg) beam to illuminate the target for the Standard missiles to home on in the terminal phase.

Since the set-up is there already for CW operations in X-band, it would make sense to make it do more than just guide missiles - like enabling it to detect low flying targets - hence CWAT.  In CW operations, two separate antennas are used.  The small rectangular antenna transmit a broad beam while the main antenna receives with a narrow beam to allow good angular resolution.  Using this system for sector search would greatly enhance the probability of detecting high speed sea skimmers.

µoªí by: Luke-Skywalker ©ó: 2005/12/22, 13:53
NO: 368


¤Þ¥Î¤å³¹
¤£ª¾¹D­þ¦ìºô¤Í¾Ö¦³Ãö©óSM-2(Block3A)ÄdºI3M80¡BKh-31µ¥¶W­µ³t¤ÏÄ¥­¸¼u¯à¤O(¦p³æµoÄdºI¾÷²v)ªº¸ê®Æ¡A©Î¥i´£¥Ü¤j²¤ªº¸ê®Æ·j´M¤è¦V¡AÅý¤p§Ì¯à°÷¥h§ä§ä¡C·P®¦¡I


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http://202.39.14.20/cgi/roadbbs.pl?board_id=1&type=show_post&post=1024_67
http://202.39.14.20/cgi/roadbbs.pl?board_id=1&type=show_post&post=1024_69
http://www.mdc.idv.tw/phpbb2/viewtopic.php?t=3576&view=previous&sid=d9961a761a94001fe62844d5adf67b02

µoªí by: RCI ©ó: 2005/12/22, 20:39
NO: 369


¤Þ¥Î¤å³¹
¤£ª¾¹D­þ¦ìºô¤Í¾Ö¦³Ãö©óSM-2(Block3A)ÄdºI3M80¡BKh-31µ¥¶W­µ³t¤ÏÄ¥­¸¼u¯à¤O(¦p³æµoÄdºI¾÷²v)ªº¸ê®Æ¡A©Î¥i´£¥Ü¤j²¤ªº¸ê®Æ·j´M¤è¦V¡AÅý¤p§Ì¯à°÷¥h§ä§ä¡C·P®¦¡I


¨S³½½¼¤]¦n¡A¥H¤U³o«h¤£ª¾¬O§_¥iµyµy¸Ñ¤@¤U¦ÑK¤jªºÆa¡H

Raytheon ESSM and SM-2 Block IIIA successfully fired from Royal Netherlands Navy frigate


&nbsp;
&nbsp;A Raytheon Company Evolved SEASPARROW Missile (ESSM) was successfully fired from a Royal Netherlands Navy Air Defense and Command Frigate Nov. 26.

&nbsp;A Raytheon STANDARD Missile-2 Block IIIA (SM-2 Block IIIA) first-of-class firing also took place the next day from the same ship.

&nbsp;The two missiles each successfully intercepted a subsonic target drone
that was tracked by an active phased array, multi-function radar, marking the first-time firing of a tactical missile from a weapons system using multi-function radar for illumination. Raytheon also developed the ship-based missile control software for the two systems that were used to launch and guide the ESSM and SM-2 missiles in each of these two live firings.

&nbsp; &nbsp;The firings from the HNLMS De Zeven Provincien marked the first firing of a production round ESSM using interrupted continuous wave illumination and X-Band uplinks, and the first SM-2 Block IIIA firing using interrupted continuous wave illumination and X-Band uplinks.

&nbsp; &nbsp;ESSM is an advanced ship self-defense missile designed to protect ships by destroying currently fielded and near-term projected anti-ship missiles, particularly those that fly at low altitudes and maneuver during their terminal flight phase. SM is an advanced ship area-defense missile designed to defend against medium- and long-range threats including missiles, aircraft and ships.

.........

&nbsp; &nbsp; Contact:
&nbsp; &nbsp; Alan D. Fischer
&nbsp; &nbsp; 520.794.1211

SOURCE &nbsp;Raytheon Company

Web site:

http://www.raytheon.com

µoªí by: RCI ©ó: 2005/12/22, 20:55
NO: 370

¥H¤U³o¤@½g¬O¤µ¦~ªº¡A¸¹ºÙ¤C³ß¡I

Raytheon Standard Missile-2 and Aegis Combat System Demonstrate Capability Against Subsonic and Supersonic Anti-Ship Missiles

TUCSON, Ariz., March 24, 2005 /PRNewswire/ -- Raytheon Company Standard Missile-2s, launched from the USS Momsen (DDG 92) the week of March 7, went seven for seven against a variety of targets. &nbsp;This testing utilized the new Aegis Weapon System Baseline 7 Phase 1 and also involved successful Raytheon Evolved SeaSparrow Missile firings.
&nbsp; &nbsp;The SM-2s -- in block III, IIIA and IIIB variants -- were fired against subsonic and supersonic targets in various configurations and in a littoral environment. &nbsp;The testing also included a dual engagement against two targets -- two SM-2s were launched nearly simultaneously against two targets and achieved two kills.
&nbsp; &nbsp;"These tests are validation of the successful partnership between Raytheon and the U.S. Navy to ensure the continued delivery of a high quality, fully capable weapon system to the warfighter," said Duane Hawkins, Raytheon Standard Missile program director.

.....(²¤)

µoªí by: ¦ÑK ©ó: 2005/12/22, 22:49
NO: 371

«D±`·PÁÂRCI¥S¡A»°§Ö§â¸ê®Æ§Ë¤U¨Ó¡A¦n¦n¬Ý¤@¤U¡C

¥t¥~¡A¤p§Ì¥²¶·«ÜºF·\ªº©Ó»{¡AC4ISR¬O§Úªº®z¶µ(¤j¾Ç°áªº¬OIE¡A¤w°¾Â÷²z¤u¦ÓÁͦVºÞ²z¡A«á¨Ó°á¾Ô¬ã¡A§ó»P²z¤u§¹¥þµL¯A)¡A°¾°¾¤S¬O²{¤µ¬ã¨s­x¨Æ³Ì­«­nªº¶µ¥Ø¡A¬O¤p§Ì¥¼¨Ó³Ì»Ýµh¤U­W¥\ªº³¡¤À¡C¦ý¤p§Ì²{¦b«æµÛÁÙ·Q°Ýªº¤@­Ó°ÝÃD¬O¡G­¸±oµy·L°ª¤@ÂIªº¤Ï¼ç©wÁl/±ÛÁl¾÷¡A¾÷¤Wªº·j¯Á¹p¹F¯à¤£¯à¦b¤@©w¶ZÂ÷¥~¡A¬Ý¨£§C­¸¶iŧªº°ª³t¾Ô¾÷¬Æ©Î¦¸­µ³t/¶W­µ³t¤ÏÄ¥­¸¼u¡H²z½×¤W¬Ý±o¨£¼çÄ¥©I§lºÞªiªø¸ûµuªº¹p¹F¡A¬Ý­¸¼uÀ³¸Ó¬OÁÙ¥i¥H³Ó¥ô¡A¦ý·|¤£·|¦]¦ì³t«×¤Ó§Ö¡A¹p¹F§ì¤£¨ì©Î«H¸¹³QÂo°£¡H©Î¬O¾Ô³N¤W¤£¹ê¥Î¡H(¤£µM¦Ñ­^·F¹ÀÁÙ±oµo®i¹wĵª½¤É¾÷¡Fªp¥B¥H«e¤]¥¼´¿Å¥»D­þ­Ó°ê®a³o¼Ë·dªk)

¤§©Ò¥H·|°ÝSM-2­¸¼uÄdºI²v»P¤Ï¼ç¾÷·j¯Á¹p¹F¡A»P¤p§Ì¥Ø«e¥¿¦b¼gªº°ò¶©¯ÅÄ¥±Ä³X½Z¦³Ãö¡G¤p§Ì¬O·Q¡A¦a²y¬O¶êªº¡A§C­¸ªº¾Ô¾÷»P­¸¼u±N¤j´TÁYµu°ò¶©Ä¥ªº¤ÏÀ³®É¶¡»P±µ¾Ô¶ZÂ÷¡C­YSM-2ÄdºI¶W­µ³t¤ÏÄ¥­¸¼u¾÷²vÁÙOK(ÁöµM±µ¾Ô¶ZÂ÷»P®É¶¡¤w¸g«Ü«æ­¢)¡F­Y©w/±ÛÁl¤Ï¼ç¾÷¬Ý±o¨ì§CªÅ°ª³t¥Ø¼Ð¡F­Y¯àÂǥѳճӮצA±j¤Æ°ò¥»ªºCEC¯à¤O¡F­Y¥¼¨Ó³]ªk¤Þ¶i¤@§åSM-2 Block3B­¸¼u¡F¤Þ¶i¥[©TCOST¹q¸£´£ª@¤ÏÀ³³t«×¡F©Î¹j¶}«Ê±¼¥b­Ó¾÷®w¤Þ¶iESSM......µ¥¡A¬Ý¯à¤£¯à¾¨¶qÀ±¸É¤@¤U°ò¶©¯ÅÄ¥ªº®zÂI¡C

´Á«Ýºô¤W¥ý¶iªº¨ó§U¡C

µoªí by: RCI ©ó: 2005/12/23, 00:13
NO: 372

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¦³ÃöESSMªº­¸¼u¨¾¿m¡A¤£ª¾¥H¤U³o«h¼v¤ù¦³¥Î§_¡H
ESSM &nbsp;Missile Firings Link


µoªí by: Luke-Skywalker ©ó: 2005/12/23, 01:17
NO: 373

°ò¶©¯Å­¸¼uÅX³vÄ¥

°ò¶©Ä¥(DDG1801¡F«eUSS Scott¡ADDG 995)
Ĭ¿DÄ¥(DDG1802¡F«eUSS Callaghan¡ADDG 994)
¥ªÀçÄ¥(DDG1803¡A«eUSS Kidd¡ADDG 993)
°¨¤½Ä¥(DDG1805¡F«eUSS Chandler¡ADDG 996)

µoªí by: Cedric ©ó: 2005/12/23, 02:48
NO: 374

«D±`·PÁÂfer-de-lance¤j«L¸ÔºÉªº¸ÑÄÀ¡M ±q±zªº¸ÑÄÀ©Mglobal securityªº¸ê®Æ
http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/ship/systems/mk-74.htm
¤U¦CªºSPG-51D²z¸Ñ¹ï¤£¹ï¡S

SPG-51D RADAR FUNCTIONS:

1. TARGET ACQUSITION:  C-band, Pulse-Doppler (Monopulse) beam for target acquisition.  Horn feed at the end of the ¡§suspended arm¡¨, the beam is horizontally polarized.  

2. TARGET TRACK: C-band, Pulse-Doppler (Monopulse) beam for target tracking. Horn feed at the end of the ¡§suspended arm¡¨, the beam is horizontally polarized.

3. TARGET ILLUMINATION:  X-band, CW, pencil (narrow) beam for missile homing on reflected illumination.  Horn feed at the end of the ¡§suspended arm¡¨, the beam is vertically polarized.

4. SM-2 REAR REFERENCE:  X-band, CW, shaped, wide angle beam. Horn feed at the center of AS-2234, the beam is vertically polarized.

5. SM-2 UPLINK (mid-course guidance):  X-band, CW, shaped, wide angle beam, providing coded messages in FM (directional broadcast).  Horn feed at the center of AS-2234, the beam is vertically polarized.

6. CWAT (includes horizon search, sector search, raster search):  X-band CW signal is transmitted by the new Mod 15 transmitting antenna (adjunction), receiving signal via AS-2234 (and a new 5-channel receiver).  A broad beam is transmitted, but only a narrow beam is received, allowing good angular resolution.


§Ú²{¦bªº²z¸Ñ¬O¡M ­ì¥»ªºSPG-51D Mod15¤§«e¡M ¥þ³¡ªºX-band¾Þ§@³£¬O
¡§¥uµo¤£¦¬¡¨(transmitting only)¡M ¨Ò¦prear reference, uplink, illumintaion¡M «H¸¹
¥´¥X¥h¤§«á³£¬O¥ÑSM-2±µ¦¬¡M ­ì¥»ªºSPG-51¨S¦³¤@­ÓX-band°T¸¹ªºreceiver(©Ò¥Hglobal security ¤~¼gMod 15¦³­Ó·sªº5-channel receiver),     ³o­Ó²z¸Ñ¹ï¶Ü¡S

§ÚÁÙ¦³¨Ç°ÝÃD......    

1.  X-band©MC-bandªºpolarization¤£¤@¼Ë¡M ¥Nªí¥L­Ì¬O¥i¥H¦P®É¹B§@¶Ü¡S  ¨Ò¦pCW track(x-band),  Pulse-Doppler track (C-band) ¦P¤@­Ó¥Ø¼Ð¡S  (norman friedmanªº®Ñ
¤¤¡M ¬O¼gX-band¬°horizontal polarized, ¦ý¥L¨S´£¨ìC-bandªº¡M ©Ò¥HC»PX¥i¯àÁÙ¬O¤£¦Ppolarizationªº¡C  ref.  world naval weapon sys. 1991/1992  pg.343)¡C  ¦pªG¥i¥H¦P®Étrack¦P¤@­Ó¥Ø¼Ð¡M ¨ºSPG-51À³¸Ó¬O«ÜÃø³QECMÄF¹Lªº¤F....


2.  ¦³¤F·sªºX-band receiver,   ¨º­ì¥»®³¨Ó·Ó©ú¥Ø¼Ð¥Î¡M ºë«×·¥°ªªºX-band illumination pencil beam¡M ¥i¥H®³¨Ótrack¥Ø¼Ð¶Ü¡S


3.    global security´£¨ìMod 15¥i¥H°µ(horizon search, sector search, raster search)¡C  §Ú²q horizon search¥i¯à¬O¹³¤è°}¹p¹F¤@¼Ë±ÛÂà¡M sector search«h¬O¯S©w®°­±¤º¨Ó¦^Â\°Ê¡M  ¹ï¤£¹ï¡S   raster search§Ú«h¤£ª¾¬O¤°»òªF¦è.....      ±z´£¨ìCWAT¥i¥H´£¨Ñºë½Tªºangular resolution¡M ¥i¬O
¹ï¥Isea skimmer, ºë½Tªºelevation resolution¤£¬O§ó»Ý­n¶Ü¡S


4.  fer-de-lance¤j«L´¿´£¹LSPG-51D ¥i¥H¥´¥Xfan beam¡M ¦P®É·Ó©ú¤@­Ó®°­±¤º¡M ½Æ¼Æ¶K®ü¦Ó
¨Óªº¼Ä­¸¼u(floodlight illumination)¡M  ¥xÆW¬ö¼w¯Å¤WªºSPG-51D¥i¥H°µ¨ì³oÂI¶Ü¡S  
·sªº®Ç¥ß¦¡CWAT transmitter ¤Ñ½u«Ü¤p(¤£¹L¨Ï¥Îªiªø¤]«Ü¤p)¡M ¤S¬O¥¿¤è«¬¡M §Ú¹ê
¹ï³o­Ó¤Ñ½uªº¥\¥Î¤@ÂI³£²q¤£¥X¨Ó.....


5.  °ò¦°ÝÃD....   SM-2 ªºrear reference¬O¤°»ò¡S  ¦­´Á¤ÏÄ¥­¸¼u¦ü¥G¦³rear reference,
like a beam rider,  ®g±±¹p¹F±N­¸¼u±±¨î¦bºË·Ç½u¤º¡M ¦Ó­¸¼uªº«á­±¦³±µ¦¬¥Îªº¤Ñ½u¡C     §Ú¤@ª½¥H¬°SM-2, ESSM³o¨Ç­¸¼u¬OºD©Ê/¤¤³~¾É¤Þ¡M¨Ã¤£¬Obeam rider¡C   ¦ýRCI¤W©«µ¹ÂI¼v¤ù¸Ì¤]´£¨ìESSM¦³rear reference¤Ñ½u.....      ½Ð°Ýrear referenceªº«H¸¹¬O®³¨Ó°µ¤°»òªº¡S
¬°¤°»òSPG-51¤w¸g¥i¥H¥´¥X¥[±Kªº¤¤³~¾É¤Þ«H¸¹µ¹SM-2¡M «oÁٻݭnrear reference°T¸¹¡S

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µoªí by: cobrachen ©ó: 2005/12/23, 06:17
NO: 375


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¤£ª¾¹D­þ¦ìºô¤Í¾Ö¦³Ãö©óSM-2(Block3A)ÄdºI3M80¡BKh-31µ¥¶W­µ³t¤ÏÄ¥­¸¼u¯à¤O(¦p³æµoÄdºI¾÷²v)ªº¸ê®Æ¡A©Î¥i´£¥Ü¤j²¤ªº¸ê®Æ·j´M¤è¦V¡AÅý¤p§Ì¯à°÷¥h§ä§ä¡C·P®¦¡I

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§ÚÀH«K§ä¡A§AÀH«K¬Ý¬Ý¯à¤£¯à¥Î§a¡CSoftwarªº¤@¨Ç¥H«e¬Ý¹Lªººô­¶¤£¬O«Ü¦n§ä¥X¨Ó¡A¦³¨Ç¦n¹³¨S¦³¤F¡C

http://www.softwar.net/kh31.html
http://www.softwar.net/3m82.html
http://ads.wnd.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=20628
http://associate.com/groups/end-times_news/read/?00::2819
http://ads.wnd.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=20607
http://ads.wnd.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=17336
http://ads.wnd.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=20624
http://ads.wnd.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=20627
http://www.nawcwpns.navy.mil/~pacrange/s1/news/2002/TeamMa31.htm
http://www.designation-systems.net/dusrm/app4/ma-31.html
http://www.dtic.mil/ndia/2004rangeops/17Nov04/Braucksick.ppt
http://www.softwar.net/kh31p.html
http://newsmax.com/archives/articles/2004/9/9/25443.shtml

µoªí by: ¦ÑK ©ó: 2005/12/23, 10:31
NO: 376

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µoªí by: roger011 ©ó: 2005/12/23, 14:15
NO: 377


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µoªí by: ¦ÑK ©ó: 2005/12/23, 18:57
NO: 378

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µoªí by: flak ©ó: 2005/12/24, 00:03
NO: 379

P-3C»PS-70À³¸ÓµL¹ïªÅ°»´ú¯à¤O¡A¦³¤]¤£·|¤Ó¦n
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µoªí by: ¦ÑK ©ó: 2005/12/24, 00:15
NO: 380

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µoªí by: flak ©ó: 2005/12/24, 00:47
NO: 381

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µoªí by: Cedric ©ó: 2005/12/24, 08:44
NO: 382

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µoªí by: ¦ÑK ©ó: 2005/12/24, 10:14
NO: 383

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µoªí by: flak ©ó: 2005/12/24, 10:35
NO: 384

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µoªí by: RCI ©ó: 2005/12/24, 11:49
NO: 385

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Sunburns, Yakhonts, Alfas and the Region

The current force structure debate has seen numerous strong public statements by Australia's naval warfare lobbyists for a substantial and immediate growth in the RAN's Anti-Air Warfare capabilities. There are strong underlying reasons for such statements, since recent deployments of advanced Russian built anti-ship cruise missiles (ASCM) in effect threaten to make the RAN¡¦s surface combatants unusable in any escalated regional confrontation.

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A Ship Defense Analysis Process

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Russian "Sunburn" anti-ship missle threat neutralized...

µoªí by: ¦ÑK ©ó: 2005/12/24, 19:08
NO: 386

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µoªí by: Cedric ©ó: 2005/12/25, 03:33
NO: 387

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·sªB¤Í¥[ªo¯¸-®ü­x2004 (2)
http://www.taiwantp.net/cgi/TWforum.pl?board_id=6&type=show_post&post=295

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µoªí by: fer-de-lance ©ó: 2005/12/25, 06:28
NO: 388

hey Cedric, sorry about not getting back earlier, a colleague ended up in the hospital just before Christmas Eve ... renal colic ... OOOOUCH!!  She received over 24mg of morphine over 12 hours and said it didn't do much for her ...

Thanks Flak for covering ...

Re:
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1.  X-band©MC-bandªºpolarization¤£¤@¼Ë¡M ¥Nªí¥L­Ì¬O¥i¥H¦P®É¹B§@¶Ü¡S  ¨Ò¦pCW track(x-band),  Pulse-Doppler track (C-band) ¦P¤@­Ó¥Ø¼Ð¡S  (norman friedmanªº®Ñ¤¤¡M¬O¼gX-band¬°horizontal polarized, ¦ý¥L¨S´£¨ìC-bandªº¡M ©Ò¥HC»PX¥i¯àÁÙ¬O¤£¦Ppolarizationªº¡C  ref.  world naval weapon sys. 1991/1992  pg.343)¡C  ¦pªG¥i¥H¦P®Étrack¦P¤@­Ó¥Ø¼Ð¡M ¨ºSPG-51À³¸Ó¬O«ÜÃø³QECMÄF¹Lªº¤F....


The SPG-51 C-band polarization comes from another source - an old (1983[!]) Artech reference on Shipboard Antennas by Preston E. Law (makes me feel ancient!).

Frequency diversity (i.e. track in both C- and X-band) always make things harder for countermeasures but, as Norman mentioned in his book, SPG-51D already incorporate some very nifty improvements such as frequency agility, higher gain transmitter and antenna (that will be the AS-2234 vice the AS-2649 on the -51C model).  There is also an old "scan-on-receive" technique that may or may not be retained.


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CWAT is described as using X-band CW to acquire and track targets.  Adding the 5-channel receiver and "advanced signal processing" is intended to provide these additional functions.  I always thought that the narrow X-band beam would be used in one way or another to provide good angular resolution for precise tracking (e.g. resolving targets close together or close to the sea surface).

However, a "fly in the ointment" is the description that I recently found that mentioned the mod 15 also adds a new "receiving antenna".  Ooops ...

One would think - for the reason that Flak mentioned re: aperature and beamwidth - that the smaller antenna would be for transmitting - make sense to radiate a broad beam and receive on a narrow one (main dish) to give precise tracking.

However, (I am kicking myself for not thinking of this earlier) a missile's seeker diameter is relatively small - in the case of the 8-inch (204mm) diameter Sea Sparrow, the seeker antenna would be not much wider than that 130mm auxillary antenna.  It is possible that the auxillary antenna is actually a planar array for receiving echos from the pencil beam transmitted by the main dish.

Norman Friedman is off to a Chanukkah party, can't consult him until tomorrow ... :) [Yes that's a local advantage we have here ...].  Just don't know enough about CW radars that looks for shifts in frequency to track its target.  Moving targets have big doppler shifts while the relatively non-moving sea and land masses don't.  This makes CW very good for detecting and tracking low angle targets.



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Horizon search, sector search and raster search were already available with SPG-51C , i.e. it uses the C-band pencil beam with mechanical motion of the antenna to do the scanning.  CWAT is not needed to be able to do that.  You would want to use CWAT to augment the horizon / sector search capabilities to give better coverage (and better performance given the nature of CW operations).

Your description of horizon and sector search is essentially correct.  Rotating through 360 deg at a low angle would allow searching of the horizon but that is only possible if the LOS is not blocked by some ship structure.  In the case of the Kidds, it would be two SPG-51D scanning a sector (fore and aft) each.

Raster is very simple, that's how your TV or CRT monitor (if you still have one) works:



With a relatively narrow pencil beam, you'd need it to sweep it like a "box search" pattern to cover different elevations.

Some Air Intercept (A.I.) radars used the raster scan to search - switching to spiral then conical scan for tracking.  On the old ESM/ELINT systems where the "Crow" can hear the sweep pattern, the raster scan would sound like a buzz saw sweeping back and forth.  Then, when it switched to increasingly close spacing "dit-dit-dit-dit" of the conical scan - you know you are being tracked and "locked on" to ... quite unnerving ...


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No, I didn't actually say that Mk 74 mod 15 could operate like HAWK PIP III "LASHE" (Low Altitude Simultaneous HAWK Engagement) with a fan beam painting multiple targets rapidly at close range.  I just speculated that given its use in HAWK PIP III and a similar proposal in NAAWS ("floodlight" illumination for Evolved Sea Sparrow) , it might be a good idea for Mk 74 mod 15 to have it.  Sorry if that wasn't clear ... that I was just musing ...

As you can see from above, I am not too clear about how exactly CWAT worked either - not too proud to admit it.  There is so much more to learn and often it is not easy to get reliable information.


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The rear reference signal is still needed for the semi-active terminal homing.  The missile guidance system takes both the rear reference and the reflected signal from the target to compute the course to the target.

Interesting story about the ESSM rear reference antenna.  Early tests showed that having the antenna near the tail caused trouble with the exhuast plume from the motor (ionized gases - i.e. plamsa) interfering with reception.  The antenna was moved further forward to the guidance section to solve this problem.  Lesson, as long as it can receive the rear reference signal, the receiving antenna on the missile doen't have to be at the "rear" of the missile.

µoªí by: flak ©ó: 2005/12/25, 10:47
NO: 389

Moving targets have big doppler shifts while the relatively non-moving sea and land masses don't.  This makes CW very good for detecting and tracking low angle targets.¦³Ãö³£¤R°Ç®ÄÀ³ªº¤å³¹³£·|´£¨ì¡APRF¶V°ª«h¹ï°ª³t¥Ø¼Ðªº°»´ú¯à¤O¶V¦n¡A¦ÓCWµ¥©ó¬O·¥°ªªºPRF

The rear reference signal is still needed for the semi-active terminal homing.  The missile guidance system takes both the rear reference and the reflected signal from the target to compute the course to the target.
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µoªí by: ¦ÑK ©ó: 2005/12/25, 12:26
NO: 390

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µoªí by: RCI ©ó: 2005/12/26, 00:49
NO: 391

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»X±z¤£±ó¶û¤p§Ì³oÂI·L¥½ª¾ÃѤwºa©¯¤§¦Ü¡A¨º¨â­Ó¦r¤p§Ì¹ê·\¤£´±·í¡A....¦]¦b¥h¦~¤U¥b¤§«e¡A¤p§Ì15¦~«e§ïÅܤè¦V±q¨ÆIT¤è­±ªº¤u§@«á¤w¥¼±µÄ²­xªZ¤[¨o....¹ï©óªñ15¦~­xªZ¬Éªº³\¦h·sªF¦è...¤p§ÌÁÙ¦b´c¸É¡u¾Ç²ß·sª¾¡v¤¤©O....

¦³ÃöRAM¤W§Ú°ê­xÄ¥¤Î»PSSDS¾ã¦Xªº¨Æ¡Afer-de-lance¦Ñ«e½ú¦b3¤ë¥÷¥»Äæ²Ä2­¶ªº¯d¨¥¤w´£¨ì.....

http://taiwanbbs.org/cgi/index.pl?b=mil,s=120,m=1104479418#r153

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So, RAM Block 0 has certain advantages but Sea Chaparral in ROCN service is a much more effective missile than most people realize.

RAM Block 0 was released for export to the ROCN as part of the PFG-2 Flt 2 program. &nbsp;The PFG-2 Flt 2 was canceled and RAM Block 0 did not pass OT & E.

RAM Block 1 on the other hand beats them all with a Focal Plane Array (FPA) imaging seeker that outranges RSS by a long way. &nbsp;It can acquire targets at long range without the aid of the passive radar seeker. &nbsp;Nevertheless, it needs a Combat Direction System (CDS) like SWY-3 or the even better SSDS to make best use of its capabilities. &nbsp;Since SSDS has become the de facto standard CDS on all non-Aegis units in the USN, THAT should become the standard CDS for the ROCN ... directing RAM Blk 1.


¤p§Ì­Ó¤H·M¨£¥H¬°¤Ï¥¿SSDSÁÙ¦b¶i¦æ¦UºØ´£ª@¤¤¡AÁ`­n¬ü°ê¤H©M¼w°ê¤H¦Û¤vªº­xÄ¥³£·d©w¤F¤~¥i¯à·|½ü¨ì§Ú­Ìªº°ò¶©Ä¥¡A¤@®É¤]«æ¤£±o¡C

¦Ü©óRAM·fSSDS¤W°ò¶©§ä¤£¨ì¦X¾A¦ì¸mªº°ÝÃD¡A±z¬Ý¥H¤U³o¼Ë¦p¦ó¡H¦pªG¥i¦æ¡A¦ü¥G«K¤£·|»P¶Ç»D¤¤¥¼¨Óªº¶¯¦r½ú¦³¤Ó¤j½Ä¬ð§a¡H

¸ê®Æ¨Ó·½¡Ghttp://www.navysite.de/launcher/ram.htm


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The Future? - SEA RAM:

The SEA RAM Anti-Ship Missile Defense System under development by RSC and RAMSYS is an evolved Close-In Weapon System (CIWS) comprising key attributes of both the existing Phalanx CIWS and the RAM Guided Missile Weapon System. SEA RAM is designed to extend the battle space of the CIWS and enable the ship to effectively engage multiple targets.
Leveraged technology from Phalanx and RAM integrates elements of each system into the self-contained SEA RAM System. An 11-missile round RAM guide assembly, loaded with RAM Block 1 guided missiles, replaces the 20 mm gun of Phalanx.
SEA RAM combines the superior accuracy, large intercept range and high maneuverability of RAM with the high resolution search-and-track sensor system and reliable quick response capability of Phalanx Block 1B.

On February 1, 2001, SEA RAM was successfully landed aboard the Royal Navy destroyer HMS YORK for trials.







µoªí by: Cedric ©ó: 2005/12/26, 08:28
NO: 392


¤Þ¥Î¤å³¹

a colleague ended up in the hospital just before Christmas Eve ... renal colic
She received over 24mg of morphine over 12 hours and said it didn't do much for her ...

ooooh i am sorry to hear that, hope she gets well soon¡C





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Frequency diversity (i.e. track in both C- and X-band) always make things harder for countermeasures but, as Norman mentioned in his book, SPG-51D already incorporate some very nifty improvements such as frequency agility, higher gain transmitter and antenna (that will be the AS-2234 vice the AS-2649 on the -51C model).  There is also an old "scan-on-receive" technique that may or may not be retained.


§Ú¤]§Æ±æSPG-51D¥i¥H¦P®É¥ÎC©MXªitrack¦P¤@­Ó¥Ø¼Ð¡M °£¤Ffrequency diversity³o­ÓÀuÂI¥~¡M Pulse ©MCW¹p¹F³£¦³¦U¦ÛªºÀuÂI.    ¦pªG¤@¬[­¸¾÷¥á¥Xchaff, §¹¥þ¨Ì¾a ³£¤R°Ç²¾ÀWªº
CWÀ³¸Ó¤ñ¸û¤£·|³QÄF¡C  

¦A½Ð±Ðfer-de-lance¤j¤j¤@¨Ç°ÝÃD¡C  C-band pulse¹p¹F¦³¥|­Óhorn feed, ©Ò¥H¬Omonopulse¹p¹FµLºÃ¡M ¥i¥H»´©ötrack ¥Ø¼Ð¡C  ¦ý¬OX-band CW¹p¹F¥u¦³¤@­Óhorn feed¡M
¦pªG¶È¬O¥Ø¼Ð·Ó©ú¨º¥i¯à¨S¦³Ãö«Y¡M ¦ý¬O¦pªG­ntrack¥Ø¼Ð¡M CW¹p¹F¬O¥Î¤@­Óhorn feed perform conical scan¤F(horn·|¾_°Ê)¡S

ÁÙ¦³¡M SPG-51D ªºX-band CW¦³´ú¶Z¯à¤O¶Ü¡S  ¦]¬°­ì¥»ªºX-band CW¥u¨Ñ·Ó©ú¥Î¡M it might not be frequency modulated¡M ¤£¯à´ú¶Z¡C  

¬JµM¦W¬°CWAT¡M §Ú¬O¼ÖÆ[¦ô­p¡M SPG-51D¥i¥H³æ¿W¨Ì¾aX-band CWªº³¡¥÷track, ¤]¥i¥H´ú¶Z¡M ¦Ó¤£»Ý­nC-band monopulse¹p¹FªºÀ°¦£¡C ©Ò¥H´NºâC-band¥þ³Q¤zÂZ¤F¤]¤£©È¡C

§Ú¹p¹F²z½×¤è­±ª¾¹Dªº«Ü¤Ö¡M C »PX bandÁöµM¥Î¤£¦Pªºhorn feed, ¦ý¬O¥L­Ì¯à¤£¯à¦P®É¥Î
¦P¤@­Ó¤Ñ½u¤£ª¾¡M ·|¤£·|¦bªÅ¤¤¶Ç»¼®É¤¬¬Ûinterfere¤£ª¾,  ¦Ü©ó¬O¤£¬O¦P¤@­Ówaveguide, magnetron§ó¬O¤£ª¾.....      SPG-51D¦P®É¥´¥XC»PXªi²z½×¤W¬O§_¥i¯à¡S

©Î³\ª¾¹D³o­Ó°ÝÃD¡M ´N¯àª¾¹DC»PX band¥i¤£¥i¥H¦P®É¹B§@....  ·íSPG-51D­n¥ÎX-band CW·Ó©ú®É¡M
¬O§_·|Ãö±¼C-bandªº°lÂܹp¹Fªi¡S (this might be¾÷±K... not expecting to know this....)


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a missile's seeker diameter is relatively small - in the case of the 8-inch (204mm) diameter Sea Sparrow, the seeker antenna would be not much wider than that 130mm auxillary antenna.  It is possible that the auxillary antenna is actually a planar array for receiving echos from the pencil beam transmitted by the main dish.

¤Ñ½u¦pªG¤ñ¸û¤p¡M ¦P¼Ëªiªø»Pºë½T«×­n¨D¤U¡M °»´ú¶ZÂ÷´N¤ñ¸ûµu¡M ¹ï¤£¹ï?  it make sense...  since CWAT might be geared for beating "low flyers" in heavy clutters, usually that means a radial distance under 30km.  

«D±`ÁÂÁÂfer-de-lance¤j¤j»Pflak¤j¤jÃö©órear reference, raster searchµ¥°ÝÃDªº¦^µª¡C  ¤õ±±¹p¹Fªº¨B«µ¤ñ§Ú·Q¹³¤¤¦h¡C


fer-de-lance¤j¤j¤£»Ý­n¥ß¨è¦^µª§Úªº°ÝÃD°Õ¡M ±z²{¦bÀ³¸Ó¦bÃø±oªº°²´Á¡M §Ú¬O¤£´±¤Ó¥´ÂZ±z...
§Ú­Ë¬O¸Ó¶X°²´Á´c¸É¤@¤U¹p¹F°ò¥»­ì²z...    ®Ñ³£¶R¤F§Ö¤@¦~¡M ÁÙ¨S©À¤Ó¦h.....


to ¦ÑK¤j¤j¡R
Ãö©óRAM¡M ¤U­±¦³¤@±i¥v´¶¾|®¦´µªº¹Ï¡M RAM¦ì©óĥߤ¡M ³o¼Ë´N¤£¥ÎÄ묹¤è°}§Ö¬¶¤F¡C


²{¦b¤ñ¸û¤F¸ÑSPG-51D¡M ı±oÁÙÆZ¦³¥Îªº...   ¬°¤°»ò¤£¤z¯Ü©î¤FMK86(SPG-60)¡M ¥[¤@®M
MK74(SPG-51)ºâ¤F....   SPG-51À³¸Ó¤´µM¯à¥Î¨Ó¥´²î°Ú¡C

µoªí by: ¦ÑK ©ó: 2005/12/26, 14:52
NO: 393

>>¦Ü©óRAM·fSSDS¤W°ò¶©§ä¤£¨ì¦X¾A¦ì¸mªº°ÝÃD¡A±z¬Ý¥H¤U³o¼Ë¦p¦ó¡H¦pªG¥i¦æ¡A¦ü¥G«K¤£·|»P¶Ç»D¤¤¥¼¨Óªº¶¯¦r½ú¦³¤Ó¤j½Ä¬ð§a¡H


­þ¥§¡ISEA RAMµo®g¾¹ªº§ÀºÝ¥i¥HÂ÷¤W¼hµ²ºc³o»òªñ¡I¡H¥i¥H§¹¥þ¤£¦Ò¼{µo®g§ÀµK¶Ü¡H
¤£¹LÃa®ø®§¬O¡A»P­ì¥»ªº¬ö¼wÄ¥¬Û¸û¡A®ü­xÀ°2ªù¤è°}¯¥³£¦h¥[¤F¥W«¬©Ó¸üµ²ºc¡A±N¯¥¨­¸m©ó¥W¼Ñ¤º¡ASEA RAM¦bÂà°Ê®É¡A¨ä11Áp¸Ëµo®g¾¹¥i¯à·|¥´¦b¥W«¬©Ó¸üµ²ºc¤W¡A¾÷¯¥«h¨S¦³³oºØ°ÝÃD¡C

RAM¸Ë¦bĥߤ¤@°¼¥H©¹¬Ý¹L¡A¤]¬Ý¹L8ªT³½¤e³o¼Ë·dªº¡A¦Ñ¬ü¦n¹³¦³ÂI³ßÅw¡u¤£¹ïºÙ¡vªº¬ü·P¡C¶}ª±¯ºªº°Õ¡I

µoªí by: RCI ©ó: 2005/12/26, 21:14
NO: 394

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¥L­Ì«ÅºÙ2001¦~ªº¸Õ®g¬O¦¨¥\ªº....¬Û«H§À¿V°ÝÃDÀ³¸Ó¤w¦³¸Ñªk....

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http://www.raytheon.com/products/stellent/groups/public/documents/content/cms01_055726.pdf

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SeaRAM is an affordable capability upgrade¡Xan especially attractive option for those navies that have already deployed the Phalanx CIWS. SeaRAM fits the exact shipboard installation footprint of the Phalanx, uses the same power, and requires minimal shipboard modification.
SeaRAM is also well-suited to new construction and requires minimal system integration because of its self-contained features. The integration risk is also minimized because RAM and Phalanx are already being deployed as a part of the U.S.
Navy¡¦s integrated Ship Self-Defense System
.



¦A¨Ì·ÓPFG-2 ¥[¸Ë40mm¤Î¶¯¤G®g¬[ªº¸gÅç¡A.....¨â­Ó¥W¡A§ïµ²ºcªº³]­p°ÝÃDÀ³¸Ó¤£¤j...

¦¹¥~¡A¾Ú»¡ÁÙ¦³¡u¥ý¸Õ¥Î¦A¥I´Ú¡vªº«P¾P¤è®×»¡....
http://66.102.7.104/search?q=cache:49QjKLGHmXIJ:www.aecontrol.com/products/sea_ram/index.htm
http://eol.hust.edu.cn/hqchen/ehappy.files/Missile%20Systems/SEA%20RAM.doc


¤Þ¥Î¤å³¹
The SEA RAM Operational Suitability Model offers the prospective customer the opportunity to "try before buy." This option offers a particular advantage to the 21 navies that currently deploy a combined total of more than 700 Phalanx systems. The leveraged technology approach provides the customer with an affordable and proven capability for ship self-protection against


¥H¤W¬O¤p§ÌªººÞ¨£¡A°Ñ¦Ò°Ñ¦Ò...

µoªí by: ¦ÑK ©ó: 2005/12/27, 15:18
NO: 395

­ü¡Iµ²ªG¦£¤F¥b¤Ñ¡A¦]½g´T¤£°÷(·Q¦h©ñ¤@ÂI¦U­Ó¨¤«×ªº¹Ï)¡AÁÙ¬O¥u¯à¼g¤@¨Ç°ò¥»ªº³q½×¡C

¤p§Ì·Q§â¦U¦ìºô¤Í´£¨Ñ»P¦Û¤v§äªº¸ê®Æ¦A®ø¤Æ¤@¤U¡A¦Ò¼{¤U¤@´Á¦A¼g¤@½g°ò¶©Ä¥§ï¸Ë®×«ØÄ³¦n¤F¡C­Yª©¤W¦³¨º¦ì¥ý¶i·Q¼gÃþ¦üªºÃD§÷¡A¥i¥H¦­¨Ç§i¶D¤p§Ì¡AÅý§Ú¯à§â¦ì¤l¥ýªÅ¥X¨Ó¡C¤£¹L¤U¤@´Á¸I¨ì¹L¦~¡A·|´£¦­ºI½Z´N¬O¤F¡A¼g§@®É¶¡·|¦³ÂI»°¡C

µoªí by: RCI ©ó: 2005/12/28, 00:55
NO: 396

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¤å¤¤¤]¦³±´°Q¨ì°ò¶©Ä¥ªº§ðÄ¥­¸¼u¨¾¿mijÃD¡A¥ç´£¥X¹ï¾ãµû«Ç·í¦~¦V¥ß°|©Ò´£¥X¡u¬ö¼w¯ÅÄ¥§@¾Ô®Ä¯q¤ÀªR¡v³ø§iªº½èºÃ

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µoªí by: ¦ÑK ©ó: 2005/12/28, 01:28
NO: 397

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µoªí by: fer-de-lance ©ó: 2005/12/28, 01:49
NO: 398


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¤£¹LÁÙ¬O­n½Ð±Ð¦Ñ¤jªº¬O¡A§Ú¬Ý¹L¤@½g¥b¥D°Ê¹p¹F¾É¤Þ¤è¦¡ªº¤¶²Ð¤å³¹¤¤¦³´y­z³oÂI¡A¦ý¨ä¤¤¤]´£¨ìRIM-7M¥H«áªº«¬¸¹¦]¬°±Ä¥Îinverse´M¼Ð¾¹¡]³q±`¸ò³æ¯ß½Ä°t¦XÅܦ¨inverse monopulse¡^¡A©Ò¥H¤£»Ý­n«á¦Vªº¤Ñ½u¡A¨º¬°¦óESSMÁÙ·|¥X²{³o¼Ëªº¸Ë¸m¡H³o´N¬O¬°¤°»ò§Ú¨S¦³cover³o¤@ÃD¡A·Qµ¥¦Ñ¤jªºµª®×


As I understand it, (caveat: this is going back a LOOONG while now), inverse monopulse does not do away with the need for a rear reference signal to determine range to target by doppler processing (comparing rear reference and echo).  The SARH missile does not employing active radar, it cannot determine range from the radar signal's Time-of-Arrival (ToA) because it didn't send it - the illuminating radar did - hence the need for doppler processing.

Don't be confused by "inverse monopulse" on the AIM/RIM-7M, it is simply that the seeker determines spatial position of the echo (from Continuous Wave illumination) with 4-channel receiving simultaneous (think of it as "lobing" with 4 channels simultaneously).  Previously, the AIM-7F used good old conical scan tracking of the target echo.  Con-scan can be vulnerable to certain types of deception jamming hence the move to monopulse receive-only.

SPG-51D is a coherent pulse doppler system - it would use a TWT amplifier, not an incoherent magnetron.  There is now a Solid State up grade to the Mk 73 CW illuminator for the ESSM, the Aussies (CEA) played an important role in putting that together.  THAT would be the way to go.

Cheapest way to upgrade the antiship missile defense would be go to Block 1B CIWS like the Canadians and the JMSDF.  In DT & OT the Block 1B has shot down a Vandal EER doing high G terminal maneuvres at a range when earlier Block CIWS would only just beginning to open fire.

Even if you go to RAM later, it would be useful to retain the CIWS radars, they are typically the first radars to detect inbound sea skimmers in trials of SSDS (using CIWS instead of SPQ-9B).  With the equivalent of SYS-2 Field Change 2 (Northrop-Grumman TMS) integrating all of the radars together for Integrated Automatic Detection and Tracking (IADT) - it should be as good as SSDS for the auto detection and tracking part.  WDS Mk 14 should be quite adequate in the Threat Evaluation and Weapons Assignment role.  

But, like everyone else, I am also of the "more the merrier" school in terms of weapons (never want to be "the best informed victim").  Would be nice to get RAM or even a few Stingers (Sea Scorpion) to give another layer in the antiship missile defense ...

µoªí by: RCI ©ó: 2005/12/28, 01:54
NO: 399

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±z¥Xªº³o¹DÃD¥Ø¬O­Ó¥u­n¬O·R¦n­xªZªº°ê¤H§¡À³(shall)Ãö¤Á¤§ªº¤jÃD¥Ø¡A¤p§Ì¥u¬OºÉ¤@ÂI´ÖÁ¡¤§¤Oªº¸q°È¦Ó¤w¡A¥u§Æ±æ±zªº§@«~¯à¦­¤é§¹¦¨¥HÅT²³¤H¡A±z¤Ó«È®ð¤F¡I

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µoªí by: fer-de-lance ©ó: 2005/12/28, 07:28
NO: 400

Re: http://www2.scu.edu.tw/politics/journal/doc/j20/4.pdf

The author makes a good point about ¡u¬Fªvªº¬ì¾Ç¤Æ¡v¡]scientification of politics¡^»P¡u¬ì¾Çªº¬Fªv¤Æ¡v¡]politicisation of science).

One thing we have to be careful of is to use th right information and analyses on which to base political analyses and decisions.


¤Þ¥Î¤å³¹
®Ú¾Ú°ê¤º¥~¤wª¾ªº¼Æ¾ÚÅã¥Ü¡A¬ö¼w¯Åĥĥ¸ü¼Ð·Ç¤G«¬¡]Block IIIA¡^­¸¼u¡A³Ì¤j®gµ{¤@¤­¤T¤½¨½¡A³t«×¤G°¨»®¡A¦Ó¤¤¦@3M80E¤éª¥¶W­µ³t§ðÄ¥­¸¼u³Ì¤j®gµ{¤@¤G¡³¦Ü¤@¤»¡³¤½¨½¡A­¸¦æ³t«×¥­§¡¤G¡E¤­¨ì¤T°¨»®¡A¨â¬Û¤ñ¸û±ý¥H¬ö¼w¯ÅÄ¥¤Wªº¼Ð·Ç¤G«¬­¸¼u¹ï²{¥N¯ÅÄ¥°µ¦³®Ä¨¾¿m»á¦³°ÝÃD¡C14¹ï©ó§CªÅ±°®ü»P²×ºÝ¥[³t¡]¥i¯à°ª¹F¥|¡E¤­°¨»®¡^ªº¤éª¥­¸¼u¡A­x¨Æ±M®aRichard D. Fisher´¿«ü¥X¡A´Nºâ¬ü­x¤]µL¤O¤Ï¨î¡A¾Ú³ø¾É¬ü­x´¿¥HÃþ¦ü°×¼u¥[¥H´ú¸Õ¡Aµ²ªG¨¬¥H¬ð¬ï¯«¬Þ¨t²Î¡]Smith, 2000¡^¡C


How combat systems perform within a certain environment is within the realm of Operations Research.  Some of this stuff gets published in the literature and some are not.  Even the defense journals that promote themselves as "specialist" and "professional" can publish materials of varying levels of technical competence.

Paraphrasing Alfred Price from his classic "Instruments of Darkness", those who are in the know are not willing to say and those willing to say are often not in the know."  Price was referring to the relative effectivess of Western ECM and Soviet made SAM's in the Yom Kippur War.  The same applies today in any discussion of the effectivesness of DDG-1801 in the face of existing threats.

The question is, whether references like:

"Smith, Charles. 2000. ¡§Navy to Get Russian ¡¥Sunburn¡¦.¡¨ in http://wnd.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=20607. Latest update 25 April 2000"

quoting Rick Fisher's opinion that "Aegis could not stop SS-N-22" was representative of how these systems preformed relative to each other.  

The statement:

"¾Ú³ø¾É¬ü­x´¿¥HÃþ¦ü°×¼u¥[¥H´ú¸Õ¡Aµ²ªG¨¬¥H¬ð¬ï¯«¬Þ¨t²Î"

Clearly referred to the following passage in Smith's article:

"There is evidence supporting Fisher's allegations that the U.S. Navy cannot stop the Sunburn. The only U.S. missile capable of duplicating the Sunburn's blistering low-level performance is the Allied Signal Vandal. Vandal target drones reportedly penetrated U.S. Navy Aegis air defenses during trials. The Vandal program has been canceled by the Clinton administration. "

What Smith neglects to mention is that shooting down Vandals is a regular part of exercises like RIMPAC (called VANDALEX) and qualification trials of Aegis equipped units.  

RIMPAC VANDALEX
http://forum.apan-info.net/Fall02/8_18/12.html
http://www.news.navy.mil/search/print.asp?story_id=2532&VIRIN=1883&imagetype=1&page=1

Aegis qualification
http://www.nawcwpns.navy.mil/~pacrange/s1/news/2000/AEGIS.htm

Fact of the matter is that no system is 100% effective.  Vandals provide a faithful representation of a very "stressing threat".  If there isn't a risk of it penetrating Aegis, would it be a realistic and useful test?

It should also be noted that much of Smith's report is devoted to criticizing the Cliniton Administration of allegedly "canceling" the Vandal program in favor of buying Kh-31 missiles from Zvezda in Russia for conversion to the MA-31 supersonic target.

I would submit that the U.S. Government Accounting Office's report on the ability of US Navy ships to defend against current and projectd cruise missile threats would be more appropriate for forming such an opinion vis-a-vis Aegis and other USN systems vs antiship missile threats like Sunburn.

http://www.gao.gov/cgi-bin/getrpt?GAO/NSIAD-00-121

At the very least, we could count on the legal obligation of the GAO be accurate and accountable.  When challenged, journalists could simply say "that's what the source revealed" and they checked to the best of their ability (which can be terribly limited) that the story was "probably accurate".


Simply concluding that the tactical value of SM2 Blk IIIA is in doubt because   3M80E (SS-N-22 "Sunburn") outranged it is rather too simplistic and indicate a lack of understanding of how these missile engagements are conducted.  The kinematic range of either missile is actually irrelevant for the simply fact that the earth is round.

Users of either missile is limited by the radar horizon to what it can detect and target.  The 3M80E launch platform would need to have airborne platforms to provide "over-the-horizon targeting" (OTH-T).  That's where the great range of the SM2 Blk IIIA becomes useful in an open ocean scenario.

What we are talking about is a blockade scenario where the ROCN has to fight to keep Sea Lanes of Communications (SLOC) open.  Previously, it was a simpler case of ROCN ASW forces trying to deal with submarines.  Now, there is the potential for ChiCom surface combatants and maritime patrol aircraft to join the battle.

Experience from the Falklands showed how important maritime patrol aircraft (RAF Nirmrods, Argentine Navy SP-2H and S-2E) are in finding and providing updated position information by shadowing the opponents' surface units.  

If everybody were operating outside of fast jet air cover, the only way to keep the maritime patrol aircraft at bay would be to use long range SAM's like the SM-2 Blk IIIA.  The maritime patrol aircraft has to pop over the horizon to use its ESM and radar.  If it risks getting a SM2 poked in its eye everytime it tried that, then it would be very, very cautious.

If the "tattle tale" (that was the NATO term) was hampered in its mission of giving target indication to the missile shooters - then the risk to the ASW force being protected by the area defense missile system (i.e. NTU/SM2) would be lessoned.

Without accurate targeting data, the Sovremenniy would not be able to shoot its 3M80E and make use of its long range.

To support such an open ocean battle, P-3C AIP are critical.  The damned fools in the Legislative Yuan needs to know this.  

The people on this board seems to understand the tactical requirements of having to fight within the "battle space" of the radar horizon.  That is why "horizon search" systems like CWAT, the CIWS search radar are so important.  SPS-48E with Lo-E mode is good but against a Mach 2 sea skimmer, you want something that gives you even earlier warning.  In the absence of SPQ-9B, having two CIWS search radar backed up by CWAT in sector search would be very, very important.  Anything that pops up over the horizon needs to be detected, tracked and identified as a threat very, very early in order to effectively deploy countermeasures and to fight back.

Once the threat is detected, you still have to be able to counter it.  A very astute question was asked earlier, has the ability of the SM2 Blk IIIA to shoot the threat down been demonstrated.  The answer is, of course, "YES"!  In various exercises including VANDALEX in RIMPAC and FGN-USN over the years. In FGN-USN exercises, real antiship missiles like Exocet, Kormoran and Harpoon as well as supersonic aerial targets have been used.

The USN uses a number of target drones to faithfully simulate threat missiles, the BQM-74E for sub-sonic threats (e.g. C-801, -802) and a number of supersonic ones to simulate various current and projected threats (designated Threat A, B, C and D).  

Threat B is thought to be based on 3M80E (SS-N-22 "Sunburn") the MQM-8G Vandal  EER modified from the Talos ramjet SAM has been used to simulate a this threat., i.e. supersonic sea skimmers that could pull high G terminal maneuvres.  The last 10 Vandal EER will be expended in FY 06 and the MA-31 modified from the Kh-31 was intended to replace it but was disappointing in performance.  The last two MA-31 will be expended in FY 06 for trials on SSDS and no more will be bought.

Threat C is thought to be based on a European threat that did not enter production (i.e. ANS).  The newly developed GQM-163A "Coyote" (Supersonic) is intended to emulate this threat and earlier ones.  The terminal maneuvre profile of the "Coyote" has also been updated to keep pace with what intelligence indicate are improvements in the threat systems.

Threat D is believed to be a subsonic missile with a terminal high supersonic dash capability (i.e. Yakhont).  Development of a target to simulate this threat is the subject of a new competition.  This new threat would need to be simulated in the Operational Testing and Evaluation of the Standard SM6 missile with the active radar seeker.

µoªí by: flak ©ó: 2005/12/28, 12:42
NO: 401

As I understand it, (caveat: this is going back a LOOONG while now), inverse monopulse does not do away with the need for a rear reference signal to determine range to target by doppler processing (comparing rear reference and echo).  The SARH missile does not employing active radar, it cannot determine range from the radar signal's Time-of-Arrival (ToA) because it didn't send it - the illuminating radar did - hence the need for doppler processing.

Don't be confused by "inverse monopulse" on the AIM/RIM-7M, it is simply that the seeker determines spatial position of the echo (from Continuous Wave illumination) with 4-channel receiving simultaneous (think of it as "lobing" with 4 channels simultaneously).  Previously, the AIM-7F used good old conical scan tracking of the target echo.  Con-scan can be vulnerable to certain types of deception jamming hence the move to monopulse receive-only.

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µoªí by: fer-de-lance ©ó: 2005/12/29, 14:28
NO: 402

Okay, I see what (the SARH :) ) you are referring to; "late narrow banding" vs "early narrow banding" (also known as "inverse receiver").

[Boy FLAK, you are really making me work here ... made me dig out a reference from Shrivenham (Royal Military College of Science) published in 1986 - luckily I am having a break from my "day job" during the Holidays :) ]

The classical way of extracting the Doppler frequency of the target echo from all the other signals is by using a narrow band-pass filter late in the receiver chain - i.e. within the Intermediate Frequency amplifier (IFA). &nbsp;This means that the direct clutter signals goes through the amplification process alongside the target signals before it is filtered out late in the process. &nbsp;This can result in the clutter signal being modulated in the amplification process and result in the generation of spurious signals that can be mistaken for the target. &nbsp;The obvious alternative is to extract the target signal as early as possible and only amplify that to avoid having the clutter signal mess things up in the amplification process.

The "inverse receiver" extracts the target echo as early as posisble in the receiver chain, before the main IF amplifier. &nbsp;It is only called "inverse" only because it is the reverse of the sequence of how things were down traditionally. ("Tradition", as is the case here, was no necessarily the "right" way ...)

In the "inverse receiver", the narrow band doppler filter is at the head of the IF amplifier chain. &nbsp;The reason this was not done earlier was because the narrow band filters with a steep cut-off at the high frequencies encountered were not available previously. &nbsp;Maturation of this technology allowed AIM-7M to used this arrangement.

It is correct that you can use an "inverse receiver" with or without monopulse spatial tracking of the target echo. &nbsp;It could be used with conical scan or phase (interferometry) tracking seekers.

However, even with "inverse receivers", the target doppler still needs to be derived. &nbsp;The first systems, including the AIM-7M required the acquisition of the rear reference signal first for comparison with the target echo to derive the target doppler.

What the article you referred to is saying about dispensing with the rear reference signal is not a characteristic of inverse receiver. &nbsp;As you say, it may just be a coinicidence that both the inverse receiver and the possibility of dispensing with the rear reference appeared at the same time. &nbsp;

The dispensing with the rear reference is "theoretically" only possible with the availability of illuminators and local oscillators with very high frequency stability. &nbsp;The presence of the rear reference receiver in the RIM/AIM-7M and RIM-162 ESSM clear shows that the high frequency stability is not universally available. &nbsp;Most likely the problem lies with legacy illuminators such as Mk 91 and old STIRs with magnetrons which are not able to provide the frequency stability. (The solid state upgrade to the Mk 73 CW illuminator may be another story altogether ...)

What was cool about this reference was that it describes how the RIM/AIM-7M can be compatible with pulse doppler radars like APG-63 or -65. &nbsp;With a high PRF seeker, it is essentially a CW seeker with doppler frequency acquisition and tracking. &nbsp;It is only that that a "blanking pulse" is added from the rear reference receiver to cut off the receiver (of the signals from the front) for the duration of the transmitted pulse or during the reception of the rear reference pulse. &nbsp;Stops the receiver from being swamped by the transmitted pulse (excessive noise) making it difficult to extract the echo from the target.

It is another coincidence that this facility was available on the RIM/AIM-7M. &nbsp;Pulse doppler compatibility is something that also has to be added to the "inverse monopulse" seeker of the RIM/AIM-7M.

There was also discussion of how to improve "look down, shoot down" capabilities against low altitude targets (e.g. diving at the Brewster angle of ~7deg to minimize the effects of multipath etc.) &nbsp;That formed the theoretical basis for the Low Altitude Guidance (LAG) in the RIM/AIM-7P Block II software upgrade. &nbsp;With the onboard programmable digital computer, the RIM/AIM-7M and later the -7P could be upgraded to progressively improve their performance. &nbsp;With the Block II software upgrade, refinements such as the 'Trajectory Control Guidance' (TCG) enables the missile to utilize the seeker head angle history to define the ideal missile trajectory given a known target time/position history (presumably taking the Brewster angle requirement into account).

Really cool stuff ... feeling sheepish that I can't remember this stuff anymore (had to cheat and hit the books again ... :) )

µoªí by: flak ©ó: 2005/12/29, 23:25
NO: 403

What the article you referred to is saying about dispensing with the rear reference signal is not a characteristic of inverse receiver.  As you say, it may just be a coinicidence that both the inverse receiver and the possibility of dispensing with the rear reference appeared at the same time.  
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What was cool about this reference was that it describes how the RIM/AIM-7M can be compatible with pulse doppler radars like APG-63 or -65. ³o­Ó§Ú¤]«Ü¦³¿³½ì¡A¥H«e¬Ý¹L¦n¹³¬OAPG-68¥[¤F¤@­ÓCWµo®g¾¹¤~¦³·Ó©ú¯à¤O¡A©Ò¥H¥H¬°°ªPRF¹p¹F¦b·Ó©ú®É´N·|¤Á´«¦¨CW¼Ò¦¡¡C¥t¥~¡A²{¦bªºESSM¤S¦³©Ò¿×ªºICW¡A¤£ª¾¹D¸ò°ªPRFªº¸Ñ¨M¤è¦¡¬O¤£¬O¤@¼Ë¡H

µoªí by: ¾~ ©ó: 2006/1/8, 11:18
NO: 404

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µoªí by: ¦ÑK ©ó: 2006/1/8, 20:21
NO: 405

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µoªí by: RCI ©ó: 2006/1/9, 02:33
NO: 406

Charles R. Smith¹ïClinton¬F©²·í¦~±ËVandal´NMA-31¤@®×¦ü¥G»á¤£¥H¬°µM¡A°£¤Ffer-de-lance¦Ñ«e½ú´£¨Ñªº2000¦~¨º¤@½g¥~¡A«áÄò¼Æ¦~¤´¤@¸ô°l±þ...¬Æ¦Ü»{¬°¬O¦b¥Î¬ü°êªº°ê¨¾¸g¶O§ß´Ó¼Ä°êªº­x¤õ¤u·~...¼W¥[¹ï¬ü°êªº«Â¯Ù

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¾ã®M¬G¨Æ¤£Â_­«½Æ¥X²{¦b¤U¦C¦U½g....

2001.01.22 How U.S. Helped Russia Improve Deadly Missiles

l2001.02.11 3M82 Moskit

2001.02.11 Sunburn missile

l2002.12.02 New Missile Threat to America

2003.09.10 &nbsp;New Russian Weapon Has Clinton Roots

2004.09.09 Missile Madness

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µoªí by: zzzzz ©ó: 2006/1/12, 10:50
NO: 407

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µoªí by: ³Q¿ò§Ñªººµ ©ó: 2006/1/12, 12:36
NO: 408

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µoªí by: Toga ©ó: 2006/1/12, 14:16
NO: 409

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µoªí by: zzzzz ©ó: 2006/1/12, 16:01
NO: 410


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µoªí by: Pinus ©ó: 2006/1/13, 04:54
NO: 411

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µoªí by: fer-de-lance ©ó: 2006/1/13, 13:31
NO: 412

F/A-22 with its AESA will be able to provide tracking with sufficient precision to guide JDAM's equipped with the UHF (LINK 16 format) Weapons Data Link to hit moving targets.

The F/A-18E has already demonstrated this capability ...

http://www.boeing.com/news/releases/2005/q3/nr_050725m.html

Boeing F/A-18 Super Hornet Engages Moving Targets with JDAM
ST. LOUIS, July 25, 2005 -- Boeing [NYSE: BA] successfully demonstrated the capability of a single F/A-18E/F Super Hornet to engage moving land targets during a test at Naval Air Warfare Center, Weapons Division, China Lake, Calif.

"This is just another step in our efforts to develop an all-weather multiple moving target engagement capability for the Super Hornet," said Chris Chadwick, Boeing vice president for F/A-18 programs. "We plan to expand on this effort, to meet the goals of precision multiple moving target engagement envisioned in Sea Power 21."

Real-time targeting updates were accomplished using the aircraft's existing Digital Communications System (DCS) to communicate over a standard military link to a 2,000-lb. Joint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM) equipped with a UHF weapon data link module. The weapon data link module included a miniature radio transceiver that transmitted link status back to the aircraft during weapon free-fall.

In the guided release demonstration, the position of the moving target, a radio-controlled panel-side truck, was continuously tracked by the Advanced Targeting Forward-Looking Infrared (ATFLIR) sensor onboard the Super Hornet. Periodic target updates were provided to the JDAM throughout the weapon's flight to the target. As a result, the F/A-18 weapon system successfully guided the inert bomb to within two meters of the moving target -- close enough to destroy most moving targets. During a previous flight, two-way UHF link connectivity was verified to 40 miles between a ground-mounted JDAM and aircraft in flight. The UHF weapon data link exceeded expectations in maintaining communications between the F/A-18 aircraft and the JDAM during weapon deployment.

Further demonstrations of the Super Hornet's future precision engagement capabilities are planned for later this year and 2006.



Just imagine what a dozen 250lb Small Diameter Bombs fitted with folding wings could do to a ship ...

µoªí by: zzzzz ©ó: 2006/1/13, 16:51
NO: 413

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µoªí by: ¤»·Ëµf ©ó: 2006/1/13, 20:23
NO: 414

to zzzzzz
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µoªí by: zzzzz ©ó: 2006/1/13, 22:08
NO: 415

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µoªí by: SteveSu ©ó: 2006/1/13, 22:29
NO: 416

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µoªí by: fer-de-lance ©ó: 2006/1/13, 23:21
NO: 417

Seriously, why do people forget the "blockade scenario"?  The sub threat ain't going away.

The towed array equipped PFG-3 (DDG-1202) and the ex-Knoxes are critical to fighting an ASW battle.  They my not have the best AAW weapons but they have the best sonars.  The key role of the PFG-2's and the ex-Kidds should be to protect these ASW assets.

Given the increased level of threat from PLAN surface action groups and air-launched AShM's, a logical next step would be to improve the (ASMD) self-defense capabilities of ALL ROCN surface units - particularly the ASW ships.  

µoªí by: cobrachen ©ó: 2006/1/14, 01:39
NO: 418


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µoªí by: RCI ©ó: 2006/1/14, 01:54
NO: 419


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The towed array equipped PFG-3 (DDG-1202) and the ex-Knoxes are critical to fighting an ASW battle.  They my not have the best AAW weapons but they have the best sonars.  The key role of the PFG-2's and the ex-Kidds should be to protect these ASW assets.


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µoªí by: flak ©ó: 2006/1/14, 10:31
NO: 420

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µoªí by: fer-de-lance ©ó: 2006/1/14, 12:56
NO: 421

Actually, the ROCN never bought towed arrays from the US for PFG-2.  The ships were built in Kaohsiung - they weren't transferred from the USN - therefore, there was no towed array to "disable".

Regarding the optimal height for shipboard radars - the most recent thinking is:

S-band Volume Search Radar (VSR; SPY-2) low down [16m]

and

X-band Multi-Function radar (MFR; SPY-3) high up [25m]

would provide the optimal coverage for ballistic missile targets (SPY-2) and antiship missile targets (SPY-3).

Low down favors S-band propagation - that's why you have the S-band jammers in WWII and the PLA Navy ships nearer deck level.  Mounting the SPS-48E high up in the NTU ships was an attempt to increase the radar horizon to compensate for a lower data rate than SPY-1.  With SPY-1, you'd want to get as much performance out of favorable transmission for optimal long range detection and tracking.  Its high data rate compensates for the shorter radar horizon.  In other words, the 16m high SPY-1 would first be able to "see" the sea skimmer target at a shorter distance than the SPS-48E high up.  But, the faster scan rate enables the SPY-1 to detect and track the target more rapidly and still provide sufficent warning time to engage the target.

With a lower data rate, the SPS-48E high up trades off long range performce for high angle targets to have a better chance of detecting the high threat sea skimmer.  At the time of its introduction, the Lo-E processing of SPS-48E actually made it superior to SPY-1A in detection of low angle targets.  In the ADAR-2N program (may she rest in peace ...), the COTS processors were selected to give the same level of low angle preformance as the Lo-E SPS-48E (i.e. superior to SPY-1A!)  What was ground-breaking then is now common practice - just a pity that the ROCN never reaped the benefits of these innovations.  [Another "public service" announcement against institutionalized corruption in arms procurement!]

In the USN SSDS ships, SPS-48E is backed up by high data rate AShM search radars such as SPQ-9B or the CIWS radar(s) all integrated together in an automatic detection and tracking system.  The high data rate SPQ-9B/CIWS radars  typically would be the first to detect sea skimmers, cueing the other radars to produce a firm track for the Combat Direction System.  Once you have that, WDS Mk 14 would be able to do the rest (threat evaluation, weapons, tracker assignment) to complete the engagement.

That's why I think the Block 1A CIWS radars and the Mk 74 mod 15 CWAT in sector search mode are so important for antiship missile defense of these (NTU) ships.

µoªí by: RCI ©ó: 2006/1/14, 20:53
NO: 422

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µoªí by: fer-de-lance ©ó: 2006/1/14, 23:37
NO: 423

At the time, the combat direction system (essentially NTDS) and the Mk 92 mod 6 (CORT) fire control system - the latest surface and air warfare systems for the FFG-7 -  were released to the ROCN.  

The SQQ-89 underwater combat system and the associated SQR-19 towed array sonar was not released.  The threat from PRC subs was not considered great enough at the time to warrant that.  Later on, the SQR-18A(V)1 was released to the ROCN along with the ex-Knox class frigates.  One of the factors at play, apart from improvements in the PRC subs, was the acquisition of ATAS with a large aperature passive towed array with the PFG-3.  

There was a good reason to go to the French for some equipment - problem was, at what "cost".

Even with it nominally lower capabilities than the PFG-3, the ROCN crews of ex-Knoxes have demonstrated high levels of proficiency - pulling off some great "coups" against subs previously intruding with impunity on the East Coast.  Inspirational leadership by technically competent C.O., division and squadron commanders made that possible.  Pizza parties courtesy of the CinC - and hapless PRC subs - are always great for morale.  

It is that same type of "can do" attitude and leadership that got H930 MCS on to the ex-Knoxes - over the objections of some risk-averse bureaucrats.

µoªí by: ¦ÑK ©ó: 2006/1/14, 23:40
NO: 424

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>>The high data rate SPQ-9B/CIWS radars  typically would be the first to detect sea skimmers, cueing the other radars to produce a firm track for the Combat Direction System. ....

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µoªí by: flak ©ó: 2006/1/15, 00:52
NO: 425

>>The high data rate SPQ-9B/CIWS radars  typically would be the first to detect sea skimmers, cueing the other radars to produce a firm track for the Combat Direction System. ....

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µoªí by: twsong ©ó: 2006/1/15, 02:17
NO: 426

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µoªí by: Cedric ©ó: 2006/1/15, 03:43
NO: 427


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µoªí by: flak ©ó: 2006/1/15, 11:31
NO: 428

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µoªí by: ¾~ ©ó: 2006/1/15, 11:42
NO: 429

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µoªí by: Pinus ©ó: 2006/1/15, 12:12
NO: 430

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µoªí by: TG2000 ©ó: 2006/1/16, 16:40
NO: 431

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µoªí by: ³Q¿ò§Ñªººµ ©ó: 2006/1/16, 21:20
NO: 432

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µoªí by: ¦ÑK ©ó: 2006/1/16, 22:30
NO: 433

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µoªí by: flak ©ó: 2006/1/16, 22:42
NO: 434

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µoªí by: ¦ÑK ©ó: 2006/1/16, 23:11
NO: 435

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http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/ship/weaps/an-spq-9.htm

Á`ºâ¬Ý¨ì¦ó¿×SPQ-9Bªºtorus reflector antenna¡A³oºØ¤Ñ½u¯à¥´3­Óbeans¡A¥ú±q¥~ªí¥i¬Ý¤£¥X¨Ó¥¦¥i¥H¥X¦¹©Ç©Û¡C¤£¹L¤U¹ÏÁÙ¦³¤@­Ó­I¹ï­Iªº°}¦C¤Ñ½u¡A¬Ý¨Ó§ó¼F®`¡C

µoªí by: fer-de-lance ©ó: 2006/1/17, 01:04
NO: 436

The Advanced Demonstration Model (ADM) of the SPQ-9B used the torus reflector antenna (three feeds to generate the three pencil beams). &nbsp;This was tested on the Self Defense Test Ship and USS Oldendorf a Spruance class destroyer mounted inside an enlarged radome.

However, the production model uses a lightweight, back-to-back planar array antennas rotating at 30 rpm. &nbsp;Electronic stabiliziation replaced the bulky mechanical stabilization on the original version. &nbsp;This great reduction in weight allows the radar to be mounted higher up for the greatest horizon range. &nbsp;This model was also tested on the USS Oldendorf in 2002 .

In the new fittings &nbsp;and mounted at the mast head (see USS Nimitz, Ronald Reagan and San Antonio.) &nbsp;It would appear that the new antenna is weather-proof enough to be mounted without a radome. &nbsp;That would certainly give you the greatest radar horizon (and longest warning time) for detecting sea skimmers.



So, what about the older radars like SPS-48E and SPS-49A MPU? &nbsp;These volume search radars are important for detecting targets approaching at higher elevations. &nbsp;Their long range enables detection from a great distance, giving you plenty of time to complete the engagement. &nbsp;Typically, the 2D radar with its wide fan beam would also detect the target earlier than the 3D radar but you'd still need the 3D set to provide target altitude.

In the days when the threat was from sub-sonic sea skimmers, the lower data rate, long range sets were still able to give adequate warning - especially if they were all integrated together using something like SYS-2/TMS. &nbsp;With the supersonic sea skimmers, you definitely need something with a high data rate like the SPQ-9B or the Phalanx radar. &nbsp;Other posters have explained very well the reasons for this. &nbsp;Even against supersonic sea skimmers, the

SPS-48E and SPS-49 will detect the target at some distance away - it is only that Phalanx does it 25 to 40% earlier (or further away). &nbsp;They help confirm that the target is real and not a false alarm and their data, integrated together by the IADT gives a more precise composite track to support an engagement (or warn others via LINK 16).

It should be remembered that the Phalanx radar is a very useful alternative to the SPQ-9B. &nbsp;Because it was itended as a stand-alone system to deal with missiles coming in from all angles including the "zenith" approach for some ARM's, the Phalanx search radar provides essentially hemispheric coverage. &nbsp;There are two pairs of planar array antennas back-to-back one set covering low angles and the other set the higher angles. &nbsp;

Phalanx was orginally configured to deal with only targets directly threatening the ship and to ignore others further away even though the radar can detect them. &nbsp;SSDS Mk 1 makes use the "excess capacity" of the Phalanx search radar. &nbsp;Instead of "ignoring" targets detected at horizon range, the data is now fed into the SSDS to allow longe range weapons like RAM Block 1 to engage them. &nbsp;The trials of SSDS Mk1 on the Self Defense Test Ship and USS Ashland showed that this arrangement works very well. &nbsp;It is on the later versions, SSDS Mk2, that no longer have Phalanx (Re-architectured NATO Sea Sparrow and RAM) that SPQ-9B was needed to provide the horizon search.

As for the comment about not Phalanx not detecting targets until they are about 20km away - well, SPQ-9B is only instrumented for 30 - 40km. &nbsp;That is the range you are dealing with when confronted with sea skimmers. &nbsp;A Phalanx Block 1A search radar mounted high up on the superstructure will give you a &nbsp;pretty good horizon range - in the order of 30+ km.

Where you have Phalanx Block 1A search radar AND Mk 74 mod 15 (CWAT) providing horizon search, they can cover much of what SPQ-9B provide. &nbsp;Key is to integrate their inputs to the Weapons Direction System for rapid engagement of the targets. &nbsp;You can always improve upon the current arrangement by providing more close-in weapons to engage the incoming threats ... That was what retired Admiral Lan was referring to in his commentary about the ex-Kidds.

Would you want to have an additional 21-round RAM Blk1 added to the fantail at the earliest opportunity - you bet you!

µoªí by: fer-de-lance ©ó: 2006/1/17, 01:09
NO: 437

Here's a photo of the original SPQ-9B ADM "heavy weight antenna" (parabolic torus reflector with 3 feeds) in the oversized radome on USS Oldendorf during developmental testing prior to 2002.

µoªí by: TG2000 ©ó: 2006/1/17, 13:49
NO: 438

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µoªí by: flak ©ó: 2006/1/17, 18:04
NO: 439

SPS-48E and SPS-49 will detect the target at some distance away - it is only that Phalanx does it 25 to 40% earlier (or further away).  
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µoªí by: ¦ÑK ©ó: 2006/1/17, 18:44
NO: 440

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µoªí by: fer-de-lance ©ó: 2006/1/20, 22:47
NO: 441

SSDS Mk 2 has replaced ACDS as the new standard combat direction system on non-Aegis ships.  Instead of being an "add-on", it can replace the combat direction system on an NTU ship.  That was what happened on USS Nimitz.

Think of the standard UYQ-70 consoles as computers on a network running a  relational database updated in "real time".  Each console/computer can run different software to do different functions - Air Track, Surface Track, Weapons Control.  The USN had a program to "rehost" old but mature software for systems like the  WDS Mk 14 for NTU SM-2 missile direction to run on new COTS processor (remember my desription of the SMP for SM-2 upgrade to the FFG-7?).  BAe bought up the contractor that did the work and used it in the Korean KDX-2 program for SM-2 control.  

What you could have in a future DDG-1801 upgrade is the substitution of ACDS/WDS Mk 14 by SSDS Mk X with added sensors (SPQ-9B replacing -9A) and weapons (RAM Blk 1) while preserving the WDS Mk 14 function - run as an emulation within the powerful UYQ-70 processor or in a stand-alone "Standard Missile Processor" (software rehosted in a VEM bus compatible "box").

As for the issue about SEARAM.  How it engages targets is software controlled and how that is programmed depends on the combat doctrine.

The system can replace Phalanx one-for-one.  From Phalanx Blk 1A, the system computer as upgraded to the High Order Language (HOL) processor able to carry out much more complex function.  This included prioritizing multiple targets for engagement in order of threat level.

Of course, Phalanx has to track the target to shoot accurately at it, assess that the target is destroyed before switching to the next.

SEARAM does not need to do that.  Once it has slewed to the target bearing and launched, it can rapidly slew to the next and repeat the process.  It can do this even without having the support of a complex combat direction system (CDS).  

Theoretically, the SEARAM high data rate search radar can also do the "kill assessment".  If the blip is no longer there after launching a RAM at it ... no further action needed.  If it is still there - repeat process ...

The more precise tracking is available as an option if needed for specific situations - such as identifying targets such as helicopters and speed boats which the RAM Blk 1 HAS version will be able to engage.

Certainly, having a CDS like SSDS coordinating the engagement would be better.  It can correlate and fuse data  from other sensors (including offboard snesors via CEC).  It can also coordinate engagements between different onbaord weapons.

It should be noted that RAM Blk 1 performed above expectations in Operational Testing and Evaluation, i.e. the single shot Kill Probability (Pk) was higher than expected.  This has led to re-thinking of engagement doctrine - e.g. conserving rounds and not firing in 2 round salvos except against the most difficult targets. (Might be important for SEARAM with fewer missiles on mount ...)


µoªí by: yoshi ©ó: 2006/1/21, 00:18
NO: 442

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µoªí by: ¦ÑK ©ó: 2006/1/21, 00:33
NO: 443

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µoªí by: TG2000 ©ó: 2006/1/23, 11:47
NO: 444

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µoªí by: ¦ÑK ©ó: 2006/1/23, 15:52
NO: 445

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µoªí by: Cedric ©ó: 2006/1/24, 08:24
NO: 446

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NO: 447

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µoªí by: TG2000 ©ó: 2006/1/24, 12:19
NO: 450

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µoªí by: Cedric ©ó: 2006/1/24, 15:33
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µoªí by: black69 ©ó: 2006/1/27, 16:45
NO: 452

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µoªí by: black69 ©ó: 2006/1/29, 15:54
NO: 453

DDG-173ªºMK41«ç»ò¤£¤Ó¤@¼Ë

µoªí by: line ©ó: 2006/1/29, 22:09
NO: 454

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µoªí by: black69 ©ó: 2006/2/2, 16:23
NO: 455

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µoªí by: fer-de-lance ©ó: 2006/2/3, 06:53
NO: 456

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That information is classified but it is understood to be relatively short

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The designers of RIF-M went to using a new missile 48N6E with a max speed of Mach 6 ostensibly to intercept very high speed (Mach 8) targets which can include tactical ballistic missiles.  Having a very high speed missile also has advantages in intercepting slower targets.

The question is, for what you need, is your missile fast enough.  SM-2 Blk IIIA is fast enough for most tactical scenarios.  SM-2 Blk IV with its booster adds one Mach number to the missile and bumps the kinematic range up to 200+km - note that the now cancelled anti-TBM was a Blk IVA.  The active radar homing SM-6 ERAM will be based on the Blk IV - i.e. it has a booster for a Mach 4+ performance.  With the support of CEC, SM-6 will be able to engage targets over the radar horizon without the need for terminal illumination support.

48N6E has significantly longer range than SM-2 Blk IIIA, 150km vice ~90km.

TVM was developed to combined the advantages of SARH and command guidance.  The missile down-links the target echo to the ground radar which then computes the steering commands to be sent via the up-link to the missile.  

Putting the processor on the ground and not in the missile was necessitated by the limits of the late 1970's early 1980's technology available when the Patriot was first developed.  The US Army went this route to limit the cost of the individual missiles and, hence, the overall cost of procuring the overall system.

The Soviets, who are also "computing challenged" for other reasons, conveniently copied this set up for S-3000 (SA-10 / SA-N-6).

The US Navy had a different approach.  They emphasized putting programmable computers on missiles which increased costs but also provided certain advantages.  

Their approach was to have an computer controlled autopilot direct the missile in its initial "fly out" phase where it could start on an "energy-efficient" flight path towards the target.  The autopilot is updated with steering commands so that the missile can fly to within a "homing basket" where its seeker can home on the target illuminated for a brief period by the illumination radars.

This more elegant approach means that the missile and the radar does not have to constantly talk to each other as in the case of TVM (particularly as the missile gets closer to the target and more precise tracking is needed.  

With miniaturization and decreasing cost of computing hardware, TVM is no longer necessary.  In fact, the GEM version of Patriot incorporates an onboard processor to allow the missile to generate its own steering commands i.e. become a more traditional SARH missile.

Note also that, eventhough TK-1 uses the Patriot airframe, inside, it is basically a repackaged SM-2.  ADAR and the whole system is also basically Aegis, down to how the computers talk to each other - using NTDS format.  

CSIST clearly saw the development potential of Aegis was much greater than the Patriot TVM approach.  The choice was a "no-brainer" - it also helped that many of the CSIST pioneers were ... ex-ROCN :D ...

ESSM is basically SM-2 with a faster and more maneuvrable airframe to be able to intercept high speed, high G maneuvring targets (such as the latest Russian antiship missiles.)

Again the number of targets one illuminating radar can handle is classified. All we know is that a single illuminating radar is able to provide target illumination on multiple targets on a "time-share" basis.

The Dutch and the Germans went to an active array APAR X-band phase array radar to provide target illumination simultaneously for multiple targets.  

The Aussies have the X-band active phased array CEA MOUNT which will go on to 4 faces of the foremast of the ANZAC frigates.

The US Navy is working on the X-band SPY-3 Multi-Function Radar (MFR) which will go on the DDX, CVN-77 and some of the Aegis cruisers.

µoªí by: RCI ©ó: 2006/2/3, 14:53
NO: 457


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The US Navy had a different approach. &nbsp;They emphasized putting programmable computers on missiles which increased costs but also provided certain advantages. &nbsp;

Their approach was to have an computer controlled autopilot direct the missile in its initial "fly out" phase where it could start on an "energy-efficient" flight path towards the target. &nbsp;The autopilot is updated with steering commands so that the missile can fly to within a "homing basket" where its seeker can home on the target illuminated for a brief period by the illumination radars.

This more elegant approach means that the missile and the radar does not have to constantly talk to each other as in the case of TVM (particularly as the missile gets closer to the target and more precise tracking is needed. &nbsp;

With miniaturization and decreasing cost of computing hardware, TVM is no longer necessary. &nbsp;In fact, the GEM version of Patriot incorporates an onboard processor to allow the missile to generate its own steering commands i.e. become a more traditional SARH missile.

Note also that, eventhough TK-1 uses the Patriot airframe, inside, it is basically a repackaged SM-2. &nbsp;ADAR and the whole system is also basically Aegis, down to how the computers talk to each other - using NTDS format. &nbsp;

CSIST clearly saw the development potential of Aegis was much greater than the Patriot TVM approach. &nbsp;The choice was a "no-brainer" - it also helped that many of the CSIST pioneers were ... ex-ROCN &nbsp;...


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http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/munitions/sm-2.htm
....Standard-2 MR incorporates midcourse guidance, which allows programming of the missile for radar search only. The missile is redirected in midflight and then again during the terminal homing phase. SM-2 MR is installed on the DDG- and CGN-type ships and on Aegis CG-class ships.
.....
SM-2 employs an electronic countermeasures-resistant monopulse receiver for semi-active radar terminal guidance and inertial midcourse guidance capable of receiving midcourse command updates from the shipboard fire control system.



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http://www.raytheon.com/products/stellent/groups/public/documents/content/cms01_055768.pdf
SM-2 also employs an ECM resistant monopulse receiver for semiactive radar terminal guidance, while long-range intercepts are accomplished through the use of Inertial Midcourse Guidance (Tartar) and Command Midcourse Guidance (Aegis). The Tartar and Aegis flight profiles allow the missile to approach the target without the need for a shipboard illuminator until the terminal engagement phase. Target updates are provided through a weapon fire control system for Tartar missiles, while Command Guidance is accomplished via a link for Aegis missiles. A significant advantage of midcourse guidance is the resultant increase in firepower.



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SM-2 (Standard Missile 2) was developed as the missile component of the U.S. Navy's Aegis fleet air defense system. The SM-2 missile uses semi-active radar homing only in the terminal intercept phase, and has a new inertial guidance unit and a new programmable MK 2 autopilot to guide it near the projected point of intercept. On Aegis ships, this autopilot is command-guided to the target by the launching ship, which can track multiple targets with the Aegis' powerful AN/SPY-1 radar (current version is AN/SPY-1D). When used on earlier Tartar ships, SM-2 uses pre-launch settings and its inertial guidance system to find its way to the target. Not needing SAR guidance through all its flight-path, effective intercept range of the SM-2MR is 60 percent greater than for the SM-1MR. The command guidance allows a more energy-efficient flight path, and the illuminator radar (e.g. AN/SPG-62) can provide effective illumination at almost doubled target ranges (because illumination immediately after launch is especially power-demanding, when the radar beam has to travel all the distance from ship to target and back). A further improvement in the SM-2 is the new monopulse seeker for terminal homing, which provides better ECM resistance.


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2.¦pªG¤}¤@¤¤³~¾É¤Þ¬O¿ï¾Ü¥Ñ¼u¸m¹q¸£°õ¦æ¡A¨º¤}¤@³o¤@³¡¥÷§Y»P·½¦Û¯«¬ÞªºADARÃö«Y¤£¤j¡A¤Ï¦Ó¬O»P«D¯«¬ÞªºFFG-7(¦¨¥\¯Å)©Îkidd(°ò¶©¯Å)ºc·Qªñ¦ü¡C...20¦h¦~«eµo®iªº¤}¤@.....¦³¨º»ò¡©¯«©_¡ª¶Ü¡H¦pªG³o¬O¯uªº...¨º»ò¡A...°Z¤î¬O«e½ú»¡ªºmany of the CSIST pioneers were ... ex-ROCN &nbsp;...¦Ó¤w¡I

µoªí by: ¾~ ©ó: 2006/2/3, 16:39
NO: 458

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µoªí by: black69 ©ó: 2006/2/3, 16:42
NO: 459

48N6E has significantly longer range than SM-2 Blk IIIA, 150km vice ~90km



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µoªí by: Toga ©ó: 2006/2/3, 17:19
NO: 460

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µoªí by: black69 ©ó: 2006/2/4, 20:27
NO: 461

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µoªí by: ¾~ ©ó: 2006/2/5, 23:55
NO: 462

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µoªí by: fer-de-lance ©ó: 2006/2/7, 13:00
NO: 463


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The actual engagement envelopes (altitude vs range) of USN missiles are classified.  Whatever is in the public domain is usually sanitized or uses obscure language such as "greater than XX nautical miles".

Jane's Fighting Ships seems to be the most confused, it quotes a range of 90 nm for SM-2 MR but then says the ER version (presumably Blk IV) "extends the range to 70 nm ... Confusing?

What that is referring to is an "engagement envelope".  Has to do with the height as well as speed of the target.  Going nearly straight up, the missile will not go very far in terms of slant range.  Conversely, going very far in terms of range would not allow you to get at targets that are very high.  SM-2  has an autopilot, which allows it to follow an "energy efficient" flight path but climbing to a great height at the most efficient climb angle and then diving towards the target.  

This way, the missile is using the stored potential energy accumulated during the climb out phase.  If there is a target that is approaching at in a straight line at medium altitude (i.e. high enough to be above the radar horizon but not too high so that the intercepting SM-2 can be diving on it from its optimal profile) ... then, we are talking about the best possible condition for a very long range intercept.

With the latest Mk 104 dual thrust motor, climbing out at the optimal angle and then diving after motor burn out at a non-maneuvring, incoming target ... well, then I'll grant you that you might intercept successfully at ~90 nm.

However, it would not be difficult to see that the practical engagement range would be considerably shorter.  You don't want to be shooting at a target at extreme range such that by the time your missile get out there, it has very little ability or energy left to maneuvre.  Under those circumstances, the target, with a simple evasive maneuvre, could evade your expensive missile.

Against fat and slow maritime patrol aircraft, the SM-2 Blk IIIA would be a real big threat even at relatively long range.  Against fast jets, outbound, crossing ... it would be a different story (think, considerably shorter effective range).  That's why I tend to use the lower end of the range as the "practical" engagement range of the SM-2 for relevant targets (... ie those you are likely to encounter in a tactical situation.)

Theoretically, SM-2 could go even further than 90nm by simply continuing its ballistic path after motor burn out.  The now cancelled SM4 Land Attack Standard Missile (LASM) could hit land targets 150nm away using GPS guidance.

But it must be remembered that LASM was designed to hit stationary land targets.  At the latter part of its flight path, it is simply "falling" onto its target.  Due to the curvature of the earth, much of the latter part of the flight is also over the radar horizon of the launch ship.  Even if she wanted to, she would not be able to illuminate the target for SARH guided flight.

With CEC, and the option for offboard target illumination, all of a sudden, that large chunk of the envelope previously not usable because of the curvature of the earth (i.e. low altitude targets in the "shadow" zone beyond 30+km radar horizon.) is now accessible.  With an airborne platform providing target illumination, SM-2 will be able to engage low altitude targets beyond the radar horizon of the launch ship.  That is to say, the SM-2 can now exploit part of the kinematic range envelope previously not usable because of limits of the launch ship's radar coverage ...

µoªí by: FF1073 ©ó: 2006/2/10, 17:15
NO: 464

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µoªí by: fer-de-lance ©ó: 2006/2/11, 02:08
NO: 465

ESSM is superior to RAM Blk 1 in Antiship missile defense (ASMD):

- it can "reach out and touch" the incoming AShD at a much greater range;

- it is a much faster missile and can intercept targets pulling greater G's

During Operational Test and Evaluation (OT&E), ESSM handled supersonic sea skimmers pulling high terminal maneuvres in "even more stressing scenarios" than RAM Blk 1 had to face in its OT&E.

The USN plans to use SPY-3 (X-band MFR) to provide simultaneous target illumination for multiple targets over 360 deg on the DD(X) and upgraded Aegis cruisers.  The original plans to retrofit 11-round RAM Blk 1 launchers on Aegis cruisers (in place of Phalanx) have been dropped.

µoªí by: FF1073 ©ó: 2006/2/13, 10:32
NO: 466

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µoªí by: fer-de-lance ©ó: 2006/2/13, 11:20
NO: 467

SLQ-32(V)5 is the upgrade to -(V)2 using the "Sidekick" jammer.  Unlike -(V)3, the original -(V)2 did not have an "electronic attack" (jamming) capability.  The systems are continuously improved with upgrades to software.

The most significant improvement in USN soft-kill missile defense is the off-board decoy "Nulka".  It has a steerable rocket motor that could literally "walk" (seduce) the missile seeker away from the ship (unlike chaff clouds that rely on wind and the relative motion of the ship to seduce the seeker from its lock-on to the ship.

µoªí by: fer-de-lance ©ó: 2006/2/13, 12:50
NO: 468


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Sorry I missed this earlier.  As I have tried to explain earlier, Patriot (TVM) and SM-2 (autopilot + upgrade + terminal homing) had very different design philosophies.  

TVM retains the "brains" on the ground - calculating the steering  commands and uplinking it to the relatively simple (and cheap) missile.

SM-2 goes with an onboard computer (controlling the autopilot) that can be updated with mid-course commands.  The "brains" on the missile also control the terminal SARH homing.  More expensive missiles but more flexible.

TVM worked well enough for Patriot PAC2 but development of GEM showed that there was room for improvement.  Since computing hardware had come down in price and size so much that it was easy enough to put a processor on the Patriot.

TK-1 was designed from the out-set using the SM-2 philosophy.  Basically emulating Aegis with ADAR in place of SPY-1 and the two MPG-24 slaved illuminators in place of Mk 99 (SPG-62).  You really cannot compare the two simply in terms of when a processor/computer was put onboard.


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Yes, the ship's system (e.g. WDS Mk 14) calculates an updated intercept course based on the target's position (tracked by radar) and the missile's position (tracked by telemetry downlinked from the missile).  Aegis does both with SPY-1.  NTU uses its radars to track the target in 3D and SYR-1 (with 4 small phased array antennas) to track the down-link.  

The mid-course updates are uplinked to the autopilot on the SM-2 using the Mk 74 directors.  RIM-66K used on the NTU ships receives the uplink via X-band from the Mk 74.  

The subtle difference is that the SM-2 autopilot with its INS will probably need fewer course adjustments than the Patriot TVM system which needs every little steering command generated by the ground computer and uplinked to the missile.

The so-called SM-2 for Tartar ships never actually saw service in the USN.  This was really a Cold War program designed to increase the fire power of DDG-2 and FFG-7 ships with minimal modifications.  With the autopilot, SM-2 launched from these Tartar-D/SM-1 capable ships would have an increase in range and perhaps some ability to engage multiple targets using illuminators in "time shared" mode for terminal illuination.  

The Australians have decided to buy SM-2 Blk IIIA for the SEA 1390 (FFG UP program Phase 4).  It is believed that these missiles will be used in the "inertial only" mode mentioned above.  Not exactly "homing all the way" but no ability to provide mid-course update.

Re: EMP attack of a CVBG, conventional or non-nuclear EMP generating weapons tend to have limited range (hundreds of meters).  An EMP weapon trying to get close enough to disrupt a CVBG would face the same hurdles as antiship missiles with conventional warheads.  The lethal radius of the missile's EMP warhead may be increased - but not by much, the CVBG air defenses just need to have a bigger "keep out zone".

µoªí by: FF1073 ©ó: 2006/2/14, 11:35
NO: 469

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µoªí by: RCI ©ó: 2006/2/17, 00:27
NO: 470


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TK-1 was designed from the out-set using the SM-2 philosophy. &nbsp;Basically emulating Aegis with ADAR in place of SPY-1 and the two MPG-24 slaved illuminators in place of Mk 99 (SPG-62). &nbsp;You really cannot compare the two simply in terms of when a processor/computer was put onboard.


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µoªí by: black69 ©ó: 2006/2/25, 21:38
NO: 471

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µoªí by: black69 ©ó: 2006/2/25, 21:48
NO: 472

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µoªí by: ­·Å] ©ó: 2006/2/26, 16:32
NO: 473

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NO: 474

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NO: 475


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µoªí by: U-47 ©ó: 2006/3/7, 21:58
NO: 476

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µoªí by: black69 ©ó: 2006/3/8, 00:11
NO: 477

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µoªí by: black69 ©ó: 2006/3/8, 10:11
NO: 478

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µoªí by: black69 ©ó: 2006/3/8, 17:57
NO: 480

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NO: 485


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µoªí by: fer-de-lance ©ó: 2006/3/13, 04:13
NO: 487


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Actually, the Swedish schnaps equivalent is called "Aquavit" ... :)



Often consumed with perhaps the most disgusting of Scandinavian delicacies, the dreaded "surstr&ouml;mming" (sour herring).



(If you don't believe the "dreaded part" check out the response of some of the locals ...)





Like all preserved fish, fermentation come into play ... yes, producing a lot of gas.  Canned "surstr&ouml;mming" often bulge menacingly



and, on occasions, ... burst (making an unimaginable mess inside a refrigerator ... oh, the stench!).  

It is a wonder that "surstr&ouml;mming" does not join the notorious "durian"[*] on the list of delicacies:

1. banned from public consumption in ... Singapore;
2. contravening international conventions banning the chemical warfare ...

(I can just imagine panicked Swedish diplomats transferring their stash of "surstr&ouml;mming"from their residence refrigerators to secure vaults in embassy ..)

What does all of this have to do with China Shipbuilding and corvettes ...?

Eh, ... To win the contract for building corvettes, they (the CBC) cannot just drink "Visby" brand Aquavit ...

they'll have to hold their noses and down the "surstr&ouml;mming" as well ... that's because ... the Swedish corvette is powered by ...

... KaMeWa water jets ...

... i.e. .. "no gas" ... "no go" ... :D


[*] in Malay, the plural of an object is expressed as the name repeated.  Hence,

singular = "durian"; ...
plural =  namesake of stinky 80's pop group (that most are too young here to remember :) )

µoªí by: Ghostwolf ©ó: 2006/3/13, 06:23
NO: 488


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Often consumed with perhaps the most disgusting of Scandinavian delicacies, the dreaded "surstr&ouml;mming" (sour herring).


The Icelandic counterpart of that is a decomposed, mouldy shark meat called hakarl. The locals prepare this "delicacy" by exposing (or by buring) the shark meat for between two to six months or until the right stage of decomposition. The Icelanders also have their own strong liqueur made from potatoes called Brennivin to wash off the taste after eating that stuff.

µoªí by: fer-de-lance ©ó: 2006/3/13, 23:08
NO: 489

Hahahahah ... Nordic "putro-ichthyological one-upsmanship" ...

BTW, that's spelt "H&Aacute;KARL" ... &nbsp;I have been warned about this NBC threat ...

The process of "curing" the h&aacute;karl is called "H&aacute;karlaverkun" ... looks as disgusting as it smells ... |{


The h&aacute;karl connaisseur examining the "bouquet" ...


Had a gorgeous blond, blue-eyed icelandic post-Doc in my lab once - she told me that tastes are evolving in her homeland. &nbsp;Even back then (a while ago now), in Reykjavik, there was a choice of TWO Chinese restaurants (!)

Now, how did we get so side-tracked from discussing corvettes? &nbsp;

Next thing you know, we'd be on the subject of the notorious Hi&eth; &Iacute;slenzka Re&eth;asafn (Icelandic Phallological Museum) and its largest exhibit ...

from the Physeter macrocephalus ...

Once you've seen THAT specimen, you'd wonder whether the name macro "cephalus" ... shouldn't be appended to better describe something else "macro" ... :D

(Goes to show what isolation, dreadful weather and long hours of darkness in winter could affect "cultural" development ... Eeeks, Ingvar would kill me if he read this, not to mention Katr&iacute;n Gunnarsd&oacute;ttir !)

µoªí by: VOR ©ó: 2006/3/13, 23:52
NO: 490


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µoªí by: Cedric ©ó: 2006/3/15, 08:50
NO: 491

Phalanx Block 1B CIWS raytheon ²¤¶
http://www.dtic.mil/ndia/ammo/martin.pdf


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µoªí by: ¦ÑK ©ó: 2006/3/15, 10:53
NO: 492

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µoªí by: ¨§¨§Às ©ó: 2006/3/15, 11:38
NO: 493

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µoªí by: fer-de-lance ©ó: 2006/3/15, 13:16
NO: 494

The U.S. Army's version of the Navy's CIWS Phalanx anti-missile system is called the "Land-Based Phalanx Weapon System" (LPWS). It is a type of "C-RAM" (counter-rockets, artillery and mortars) defensive weapon.

Whereas naval Phalanx systems fire depleted uranium or (more recently) tungsten armor-piercing rounds, the LPWS uses the HEIT-SD (High-Explosive Incendiary Tracer, Self-Destruct) ammunition originally developed for the M163 Vulcan air-defense system. These rounds explode in mid-air, raining shrapnel at the incoming rounds in order to destroy or deflect them. This difference is due to the risk that falling spent ammunition would pose to friendly forces on the ground.

Must remember that these systems have a relatively short range, sufficient to kill guided weapons such as ARM's threatening the site it is protecting.  Any aircraft flying low and close enough to a high value site defended by LPWS has no right to be friendly.  These sites are so remote that innocent civilians are very unlikely to be within the danger zone of the LPWS rounds.  Anyone coming close enough to have a rare dud from the HEIT-SD fall on him ...  is probably neither innocent nor civilian.

µoªí by: Cedric ©ó: 2006/3/15, 14:13
NO: 495

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C-RAM BATTERY
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µoªí by: Dallas ©ó: 2006/3/24, 16:36
NO: 496

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µoªí by: fer-de-lance ©ó: 2006/3/26, 22:27
NO: 497

No, the big SQS-26CX on the Knox cannot be grafted on to a FFG-7 without a major re-build.

However, if the SQR-19 and SQQ-89 combination can be transferred along with LAMPS III, then that would be a significant improvement in open ocean ASW capabilities compared to the Knox.

All active USN FFG-7 have their Mk 13 deactivated.  If you want the ships, you have an interesting choice ...

1. Go retro and re-activate the Mk 13 - but then, you would have to find  suitable missiles ... there you have to make choices once again ...

- stay with SM1 Blk 6B ... USN stocks are depleted by FMS transfers ... buying new builds could be expensive

- go the Oz route SEA 1390 Phase 4 and add SM2 capabilities - essentially you would need to go to No.2 to get the full capabilities - unless you want to buy expensive SM2 and shoot them like SM1's - homing all the way ...

2. Go upgrade - Mk 92 mod 2 or mod 6 upgraded to mod 12 / SSDS equivalent, expensive - but will keep the ships viable for many more years AND provide an upgrade path for the PFG-2 ... (and PFG-3 if you are really smart ...)

Going to Mk 92 mod 12 / SSDS would only be worthwhile if you add a new antiship missile defense (ASMD) weapon like RAM Blk I or ESSM - (this can be fitted in place of the Mk 13/SM1 if the ships are intended to replace the role played by the Knoxes.)  

Expensive - but compared to what?  If you cannot defend your ships effectively against the emerging threat and:

(i) lose the ship in battle or

(ii) lose deterrence value and make the other guys think they can start a war

What is the "cost" then?

µoªí by: rockitten ©ó: 2006/3/27, 16:27
NO: 498

except the Aussie approace, how about Perry's cousin, the Spanish "Santa Maria" class approach??

µoªí by: Dallas ©ó: 2006/3/27, 18:42
NO: 499

Thanks to fer-de-lance. You cleared out several things for me. But I still have some questions.

>>However, if the SQR-19 and SQQ-89 combination can be transferred along with LAMPS III, then that would be a significant improvement in open ocean ASW capabilities compared to the Knox.

The SQQ-89 in the Perry class is downgraded and it still use AN/SQS-56. You think it is still a significant improvement over the Know. Why?  Is it because the fire control system, or the SQR-19 better than SQR-18?

>>All active USN FFG-7 have their Mk 13 deactivated

Let's see how TC-2 pan out in the Kangding class. At least we can still use the SM-1 and lauchers already installed on the Knox calss, and the Perry already have RAIDS to handle the anti-ship missles.

As far as ESSM is concerned, I don't think it's going to happen anytime soon. The Kidd class don't even have RAM.

>>Expensive - but compared to what?
Your point is well taken. But I think the ROCN is betting all their mony on the subs now. The other needs have to wait.

µoªí by: black69 ©ó: 2006/3/30, 17:10
NO: 500

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µoªí by: Dallas ©ó: 2006/3/31, 09:54
NO: 501

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µoªí by: StrikeEagle ©ó: 2006/3/31, 12:17
NO: 502

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µoªí by: fer-de-lance ©ó: 2006/3/31, 12:37
NO: 503

The Spanish FFG-7's have the same combat direction system as the PFG-2 but they have an Italian EW suite with a more powerful jammer, the Meroka CIWS and a towed array.  

SQR-19 is a significant improvement over SQR-18.  SQQ-89 integrates everything together and provides automated sonar performance prediction based on bathythermal data and ... most importantly ... automated Target Motion Analysis.

The ROCN Knoxes have a COTS equivalent of SQQ-89 which actually works rather well (adapted evrsion of FFISTS).  They first got the DTC-1 workstation based AIMS and STOPPS (components of FFISTS) for sonar performance prediction and then the TAC-3 based C-STEMS (new development).  Real nifty piece of kit with a CADRT replacing the NC-2 DRT.

The PFG-2 actually does not have SQQ-89, just a torpedo fire control panel in the sonar room.  Even without a towed array, the SQQ-89 with its dedicated console allows a lot more functionality.

RAIDS is a LAN-based command aid that provides recommendations like steer a certain heading and launch SRBOC chaff in distraction mode ... set CIWS to auto-engage etc.  SSDS is much more sophisticated and, in the latest non-Aegis ships, it serves as the combat direction system.

The program to get 8 second-hand frigates is almost certainly going to mean long-hull FFG-7's.  Can you see any other designs that can be made available to the ROCN?  The hulls will cost next to nothing (as opposed to the PFG-2) which, hopefully would leave some money for upgrades.  

There are low frequency active towed arrays like ALOFTS the Singaporeans bought, that will do better than SQS-26CX - you don't have to have a big bow sonar to get the same performance.  Would be nice if they got the SSDS and RAM Blk 1 - but knowing how cash-strapped the ROCN is, they may end up with just Phalanx Blk 1B.

µoªí by: Luke-Skywalker ©ó: 2006/3/31, 15:14
NO: 504


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µoªí by: black69 ©ó: 2006/3/31, 15:28
NO: 505


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µoªí by: black69 ©ó: 2006/3/31, 15:32
NO: 506

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µoªí by: Dallas ©ó: 2006/3/31, 18:01
NO: 507

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µoªí by: black69 ©ó: 2006/4/1, 03:48
NO: 508

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µoªí by: xray_peng ©ó: 2006/4/2, 16:53
NO: 509

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µoªí by: xray_peng ©ó: 2006/4/2, 16:58
NO: 510

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µoªí by: Luke-Skywalker ©ó: 2006/4/2, 17:51
NO: 511


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µoªí by: black69 ©ó: 2006/4/2, 18:23
NO: 512

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µoªí by: great100 ©ó: 2006/4/5, 10:28
NO: 513

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µoªí by: black69 ©ó: 2006/4/7, 15:37
NO: 514

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µoªí by: Dallas ©ó: 2006/4/7, 16:03
NO: 515

³Ìªñ¤¤¥¡®ð¶H§½­n©e°U®ü¬v¬ã¨s²î®ü¬ã¤@¸¹¦b©yÄõ¥~®ü¬I©ñ®ü©³¦a¾_»ö¡C¦]¬°§Ú¦³ªB¤Í°Ñ»P³o­Ó­pµe¡A©Ò¥Hª¾¹D¦U­Ó¦a¾_»ö¬O³sµ²¦b¤@±ø´X¤Q¤½¨½ªøªºÆl½u¤W¡C¦b©yÄõ¥X®ü¶¤@°é¦A¦^³°¤W¡C

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µoªí by: black69 ©ó: 2006/4/8, 06:50
NO: 516

http://www004.upp.so-net.ne.jp/weapon/sm-3.htm

µoªí by: black69 ©ó: 2006/4/9, 09:42
NO: 517

[img][/img]http://www.shiloh.navy.mil/photo%20gallery/unrep/images/DSC04023_JPG.jpg[img][/img]
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µoªí by: black69 ©ó: 2006/4/9, 09:53
NO: 518

CG-67¤jªY½àhttp://www.shiloh.navy.mil/photo%20gallery/photogallery.htm

µoªí by: fer-de-lance ©ó: 2006/4/9, 10:51
NO: 519





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Mk-53 Nulka ... ¤zÂZ¼uµo®g¾¹  :)

µoªí by: black69 ©ó: 2006/4/14, 05:36
NO: 520

http://www.rescue-w.jp/asx/fps_L.asx

µoªí by: ³·­· ©ó: 2006/4/14, 05:52
NO: 521

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µoªí by: black69 ©ó: 2006/4/15, 09:03
NO: 522